Chitosan-graft-polyethylenimine (CHI-g-PEI) copolymer has been used for the improvement of low transfection efficiency of chitosan. The present study aims to test the pulmonary toxicity and efficiency of CHI-g-PEI as an aerosol gene carrier. Mice were exposed to aerosol containing green-fluorescent protein (GFP)-polyethylenimine (PEI) or GFP-CHI-g-PEI complexes for 30 min during the development...

The spill of Crude oil from artisanal refineries and government owned pipelines has become recurrent situation in the Niger Delta, leading to devastating effects on aquatic ecosystem. toxicity NNPC (Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation) refinery selected Bolo, Twon-Brass Ekpemu Delta were investigated. physicochemical properties products short fall standards for refineries, as they contained...

Background: The presence of pesticides is very prevalent in surface waters of Iran. These toxic substances may accumulate in the food chain and cause serious ecological and health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of glyphosate, deltamethrin and pretilachlor as potential dangerous organic pesticides to assess lethal effects of these chemicals agents to the Gupp...

Mercury (Hg), as the most potentially hazardous heavy metal, has accumulated in aquatic environment and caused concern about its safety. To test toxic effects of mercury chloride (Hg2+) on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus), acute toxicity Hg2+ to embryos, newly hatched larvae, juvenile fish, short-term developmental embryo sac-fry stages, were investigated. The 96-h LC50 values fish 0.56, 0.07, 0...

BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to identify the potential side effects of the novel naturalyte insecticide spinetoram in comparison with spinosad on the bumblebee Bombus terrestris L. The potential lethal effects together with the ecologically relevant sublethal effects on aspects of bumblebee reproduction and foraging behaviour were evaluated. Bumblebee workers were exposed via direct con...

Abstract The triazine herbicide atrazine is routinely detected in freshwaters, and has also been coastal waters Europe the US. Relatively few studies have conducted with estuarine/marine invertebrates. This study sought to contribute additional invertebrate toxicity data using model species, Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) Mysid shrimp Americamysis bahia ). Specifically, we investigate...

While the pathology peer review/pathology working group (PWG) model has long been used in mammalian toxicologic pathology to ensure the accuracy, consistency, and objectivity of histopathology data, application of this paradigm to ecotoxicological studies has thus far been limited. In the current project, the PWG approach was used to evaluate histopathologic sections of gills, liver, kidney, an...

Sulfate occurs naturally in the aquatic environment but its elevated levels can be toxic to life freshwater environments. We investigated toxicity of sulfate humic, soft whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) from fertilization eggs hatching i.e. during critical phases early development. Anadromous Kokemäenjoki white?sh and sperm fertilization, embryos larvae were exposed long-term 175-day incubation ...