few researches have been performed on the circadian rhythm of oxidants and anti-oxidants and these studies have demonstrated different results. the aim of this study was to investigate the circadian variation of mda, pc and sod in non-athlete young men. the research method of this study was semi-experimental. for this purpose, 10 non-athlete active students (mean age: 23.2±2.57 years old, heigh...

conclusions there is no significant difference between monotherapy with desmopressin, imipramine or oxybutynin in children with enuresis. however, oxybutynin showed a higher response rate and a lower relapse rate compared to other medications. more clinical trials with a larger sample size are needed to clarify these uncertainties. results children in the oxybutynin group showed a slightly high...

Nightjars and their allies represent the only major group of visually hunting aerial insectivores with a crepuscular and/or nocturnal lifestyle. Our purpose was to examine how both light regime and prey abundance in the tropics, where periods of twilight are extremely short, but nightjar diversity is high, affect activity across different temporal scales. We studied two nightjar species in West...

The human and murine diurnal rhythms are out of phase. Consequently in conventionally-lit mouse houses the mice's deep sleep is often disrupted, the daily welfare monitoring of the mice is limited by their inactivity, and scientific data obtained from the mice model the sleeping rather than awake human. Sodium light is bichromatic, with both wavelengths being in the human visual field but at th...

Discussion This study had investigated the dual role of parasympathetic efferent activity and plasma adrenaline in the pathogenesis ofnocturnal asthma. Parasympathetic blockade in this study caused a significant reversal ofthe nocturnal fall in peak flow rate as shown in our previous work.3 In the first arm of the study parasympathetic blockade reversed completely the nocturnal fall in peak flo...

Effects of photophase illuminance (1, 10, 100 and 330 lx of white incandescent lighting) on daily rhythms of locomotor activity, urine production and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SMT; 10 versus 330 lx) were studied in nocturnal Namaqua rock mice (Micaelamys namaquensis) and diurnal four-striped field mice (Rhabdomys pumilio). Micaelamys namaquensis was consistently nocturnal (∼90-94% nocturnal activ...

Several species of diurnal birds are nocturnal migrants. The activation of nocturnal activity requires major physiological changes, which are essentially unknown. Previous work has shown that during migratory periods nocturnal migrants have reduced night-time levels of melatonin. Since this hormone is involved in the modulation of day-night rhythms, it is a good candidate regulator of nocturnal...

abstract introduction & objective: enuresis is defined as involuntary voiding. it is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects around 15% of five years old children and up to 1% of adults. aim the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of desmopressin (nasal spray) and oxybutinin combination therapy in treatment of patients with primary nocturnal enuresis that were resis...

The pathogenesis of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis is controversial. Various urodynamic studies showed bladder hyperactivity in enuretic children. But the exact cause is not precisely known. The aim of this study was to understand whether the autonomic nervous system dysfunction is involved in this bladder hyperactivity or not. Heart rate variability measurement is widely used for evaluatio...

Animals exhibit diel periodicity in their activity in part to meet energy requirements whilst evading predation. A competing hypothesis suggests that partitioning of diel activities is less important because animals capitalise on opportunity. To test these hypotheses we examined the diel activity patterns for two cyprinid minnows, chubbyhead barb Barbus anoplus and the Eastern Cape redfin minno...