In the United States and other coastal nations, ocean acidification has quickly become a common topic of scientific research. Ocean acidification also has become a public concern as news headlines warn of this potentially threatening byproduct of global climate change. In March 2009, the U.S. Congress passed the Federal Ocean Acidification Research Monitoring Act, a bill to establish an interag...

A significant degradation in the responsivity of the AVHRR radiometers aboard the NOAA satellite series, affects the index vegetation (NDVI), which is an important source of information for monitoring vegetation conditions on regional and global scales. Many studies have been carried out which use the viewing Earth calibration approach in order to provide accurate calibration correction coeffic...

The effect of concomitant intraportal infusion of glucose and gluconeogenic amino acids (AA) on net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU) and glycogen synthesis was examined in 42-h-fasted dogs. After a basal period, there was a 240-min experimental period during which somatostatin was infused continuously into a peripheral vein and insulin and glucagon (at 3-fold basal and basal rates, respectively) a...

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) currently uses Nonlinear Sea Surface Temperature (NLSST) algorithms to estimate sea surface temperature (SST) from NOAA satellite Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. In this study, we created a three-month dataset of global sea surface temperature derived from NOAA-15 AVHRR data paired with coincident SST measurements...

A Bayesian approach to solar flare prediction has been developed, which uses only the event statistics of flares already observed. The method is simple, objective, and makes few ad hoc assumptions. It is argued that this approach should be used to provide a baseline prediction for certain space weather purposes, upon which other methods, incorporating additional information, can improve. A prac...

In 1997 and 1998 uncontrolled fires devastated huge tracts of tropical rainforests in Kalimantan on the island of Borneo in Indonesia. Here we report on results of a comparative study of ERS-2 ATSR hotspot and NOAA-AVHRR hotspot data used to analyse the extent of this disaster. A burned scar map derived from a Landsat TM image acquired after the fires and extensive ground data were used to asse...

Çatalca, located on the ridge between the Marmara and the Black Sea, is a rural district of Istanbul having the temperate climate. Landuse involves farming and forestry. This study makes a contribution and revises the applicability of two medium spatial resolution satellite sensors, NOAA AVHRR NDVI and MODIS (Terra) NDVI, for prediction to potential forest resource management in Çatalca distric...

Wildfires have a profound impact upon the biosphere and our society in general. They cause loss of life, lead to the destruction of personal property and natural resources, and alter the chemistry of the atmosphere. In response to the concern over the consequences of wildland fire and to support the fire management community, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National ...

Since the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and its amendments came into effect, growth rates of the major ozone depleting substances (ODS), particularly CFC-11, -12 and -113 and CH3CCl3, have declined markedly, paving the way for global stratospheric ozone recovery. Emissions have now fallen to relatively low levels, therefore the rate at which this recovery occurs w...

[1] This paper addresses practical issues related to the processing of 1-km National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data for producing a consistent, long-term time series of active fire locations over the Continental United States and Canada. The effects of the interannual changes in measured background temperatures, caused by the ...