This paper gives an update on the observed decadal variability of the earth radiation budget (ERB) using the latest altitude-corrected Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE)/Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) Nonscanner Wide Field of View (WFOV) instrument Edition3 dataset. The effects of the altitude correction are to modify the original reported decadal changes in tropical mean (20°N t...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important reactive trace gas in the atmosphere, while its sources and sinks in the biosphere are poorly understood. Soils are generally considered as a sink of CO due to microbial oxidation processes, while emissions of CO have been reported from a wide range of soil–plant systems. We measured CO fluxes using the micrometeorological eddy covariance method from a bioen...

[1] Controls on interannual variations in water and energy balances of large river basins (10,000 km and greater) are evaluated in the framework of the semiempirical relation E=P 1⁄4 1⁄21þ ðR=PÞ n 1/n in which and E, P, and R are basin mean values of annual evaporation, precipitation, and surface net radiation, respectively, expressed as equivalent evaporative water flux, overbars denote long-t...

GSRad (global solar radiation) is a software component containing models to estimate extra-terrestrial and ground-level solar radiation (global and photosynthetically active; direct, diffuse, and reflected components) from alternative methods. Radiation data are estimated as either 1-h or 24-h values. Moreover, GSRad provides methods to compute clear sky transmissivity, slope and aspect angles ...

International programmes such as EUROFLUX focus on the analysis of long-term fluxes and energy budgets in the biosphere. Reliable estimates of hourly energy budgets require an accurate estimation of soil heat flux, that is often non-negligible even in a forest, and can be predominant during the night. Over long periods of time such as one to several months, its contribution can also be signific...

2014 A cooled cubic cavity receiving a non uniform concentrated solar radiation is modelized, using the diffuse and semi-gray surface hypothesis and the net radiation method equations. Two more equations corresponding to the heat transfer to a cooling fluid permit to define a heat balance. Thus at thermal equilibrium, net fluxes and temperatures inside the cavity are calculated. An air-cooled s...

(3) Here the square brackets denote zonal means, RΤ is the net radiation at the top of the atmosphere, and a time average has been used to eliminate the tendency term. Eq. (3) expresses the requirement of total energy balance for a “ring” of air along a latitude circle. By further integration of (3) with respect to latitude, we can obtain the meridional energy transport by the atmosphere, with ...

This paper highlights how the emerging record of satellite observations from the Earth Observation System (EOS) and A-Train constellation are advancing our ability to more completely document and understand the underlying processes associated with variations in the Earth’s top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation budget. Large-scale TOA radiation changes during the past decade are observed to be withi...