background animal bites, especially dog bites, are common health problems which are rarely addressed. it is estimated that 15 million people are bitten by animals worldwide annually. diseases caused by animal bites are problematic matters in the world as well as in iran. the main disease caused by animal bites is rabies. rabies is a fatal acute viral disease causing inclusive symptoms in the ce...

animal related injuries as most common causes of human morbidity have different pattern by geographical zones. we aimed to explore the main descriptive epidemiology of animal-related injuries in both rural and urban areas in iran. between 2000 and 2004, we collected the data of all the cases of animal related trauma hospitalized for more than 24 hours in eight cities (tehran, mashhad, ahwaz, sh...

the study was carried out in zoo animals at islamabad zoo, pakistan to know the prevalence of bovinetuberculosis. an overall prevalence of 3.3% was recorded in zoo animals with 3.6% in bovidae, 3.2% incervidae and 0% in equidae families. the positive animals included spotted deer (1/3; 95% ci = 0.84,90.57), chinkara gazella (1/5; 95% ci = 0.51, 71.64) and blackbuck gazelle (1/30; 95% ci = 0.08,...

The ability to traverse unknown, rough terrain is an advantage that legged locomoters have over their wheeled counterparts. However, due to the complexity of multi-legged systems, research in legged robotics has not yet been able to reproduce the agility found in the animal kingdom. In an effort to reduce the complexity of the problem, researchers have developed single-legged models to gain ins...

In this Quick Guide, Lorentz et al. discuss the function of tetrodotoxin and its distribution in the animal kingdom.

The dog has a special relationship with humans, going beyond that of other domestic animals. Recent evidence suggests this comes from domestication rather than wolf behaviour, perhaps involving something as simple as a change in natural looking behaviour.

We like to believe that human societies are the most complex in the animal kingdom, with intricate family structures and a unique repertoire of sophisticated social interactions. A new study reveals an insect society so complex that we are forced to reconsider our role as conquerors of complexity.