Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic parasite with worldwide distribution, although its occurrence is little known. The objective here was to evaluate the presence of parasite eggs in the environment and in the urine of dogs and cats in an urban area. Soil samples and urine were evaluated respectively by means of the Caldwell-Caldwell technique and urinalysis. Out of the 100 soil samples, 3% presen...

A proven case of human infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis is reported for the first time in Venezuela. The patient was a 57-year-old female surgically operated because of signs of peritonitis with a palpable mass at the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. WBC count reported 16,600 cells/mm3, with 46% eosinophils. The tumoral aspect of ileocolic area and peritoneal lymph nodes pr...

Toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonose caused by the infection of larval nematode Toxocara species. A total of 285 soil samples from January to March 2009 in 18 public parks were collected to test for soil contamination with Toxocara eggs. Soil samples were investigated for the present of Toxocara eggs using sucrose flotation method. Distribution of Toxocara spp. eggs in samples collected from pub...

Nematode egg hatch is an important phase in the life cycle (1). Factors that influence this process may have a highly significant effect upon the survival of the nematode, its generation time, and its ability to incite disease. Root diffusates and seasonal changes in environmental, physical, and chemical factors that are related to diapause in unhatched larvae affect the hatching of plant-paras...

A theoretical model of the winter survival dynamics of Meloidagyne spp. was developed by considering the roles of egg hatching and juvenile mortality and the initial populations of eggs and juveniles at the onset of winter. Two distinct patterns of juvenile dynamics appear which depend upon the numerical values of the model parameters. The model predicts whether eggs or juveniles are the major ...

Much progress has been made in developing techniques for characterizing population dynamics of nematodes. Nevertheless, most assay procedures have numerous inherent limitations (1,13). The efficiency of given methods may be dependent on soil type, moisture, and other environmental and biological factors (1,13). Certain extraction methods (e.g., Baermann funnel) depend on nematode motility. In a...

Two species of mayfly nymphs, Habroleptoides modesta (Hagen) and Habrophlebia lauta (Eaton) (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae), were found as suitable experimental intermediate hosts of the fish nematode Rhabdochona denudata (Dujardin, 1845) (Rhabdochonidae), an intestinal parasite of Palaearctic cyprinids. The parasite's eggs were obtained from nematode gravid females parasitizing the European c...

The influence of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (Gi) and superphosphate (P) on penetration, development, and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) was studied on the Mi-susceptible cotton cultivar Stoneville 213 in an environmental chamber at 28 C. Plants were inoculated with Mi eggs at planting or after 28 days and destructively sampled 7, 14, 21, and 28 d...

A field inoculation method was developed to produce Meloidogyne spp. infestation sites with minimal quantities of nematode inoculum and with a reduced labor requirement compared to previous techniques. In a preseason-methyl bromidefumigated site, nematode egg suspensions were delivered at concentrations of 0 or 10(x) eggs/m of row where x = 2.12, 2.82, 3.52, or 4.22 through a drip line attached...

The effects of soil management systems on root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) eggs and gall incidence on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) following tomato were evaluated. Soil was collected from a replicated field experiment in which six management systems were being assessed for vegetable production. Soil management systems were conventional production, or...