................................................................................................. 7 LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS...................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 10 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ............................................................ 11 Definition and clin...

Apoptosis and necroptosis occur in renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) death in acute kidney injury (AKI), and may be regulated by several methods. The present study identified a protective effect of necrostatin‑1 (Nec‑1) on RTECs via a flow-control-like effect. The results established a hypoxic‑ischemic injury model of rat NRK‑52E RTECs using tumour necrosis factor‑α followed by ATP depletion...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether cerebral, liver, and infraumbilical regional tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) and fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) could be used to diagnose necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and complicated NEC (Bell's stage 3B or death) during its early stages. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study of preterm infants with suspected or diagnosed NEC. We com...

Aim. Recombinant human trefoil factor 3 (intestinal trefoil factor) has been suggested to be partially protective against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but the mechanisms of this protection have not been defined. We investigated whether the protective effects of rhTFF3 are the result of an anti-inflammatory response. Methods. The rats were killed on day 4, the distal ileum was harvested for ...

BACKGROUND Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials report that probiotics reduce the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm neonates. AIM To determine whether routine probiotic supplementation (RPS) to preterm neonates would reduce the incidence of NEC. METHODS The incidence of NEC ≥ Stage II and all-cause mortality was compared for an equal period of 24 months 'befor...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia is a common clinical problem associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated whether necroptosis was present in an in vitro renal ischemia model and whether the addition of necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) has a protective effect. In addition, whether autophagy was inhibited following the use of Nec-1 was also examined. Whe...

Enteral formula feeding is a risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants, yet studies are conflicting regarding the safest timing for introduction and advancement of feeds. Our aim was to test the effects of early vs. late initiation and abrupt vs. gradual advancement of enteral feeding of an intact vs. hydrolyzed protein formula on NEC incidence and severity in preterm...

OBJECTIVE To explore the association between red blood cell transfusion and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a neonatal intensive care unit with liberal transfusion practices. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study was conducted for all infants weighing <1500 g who received at least 1 packed red blood cell transfusion between January 2008 and June 2013 in a tertiary neonatal intensive ca...

OBJECTIVE Candida and coagulase-negative staphylococci are emerging pathogens associated with focal intestinal perforation (FIP) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. The objective of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences in the predominant pathogens in culture-positive cases of peritonitis associated with FIP compared with NEC in neonates. METHODS A...

PURPOSE To investigate how necroptosisis, i.e. programmed necrosis, is involved in MODS, and to examine whether Nec-1, a specific necroptosis inhibitor, ameliorates multiorgan injury in MODS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A model of MODS was established in six-week old SD rats using fracture trauma followed by hemorrhage. Control animals received sham surgery. Cell death form and necrosome formation we...