Three-dimensional (3D) natural convection (NC) processes in heterogeneous porous media and associated energy losses mixing are still poorly understood. Studies limited to two-dimensional domains because of computational burden, worsened by heterogeneity, which may demand grid refinement at high permeability zones for accurate evaluation buoyancy forces. We develop a meshless Fourier series (FS)...

Effective coalition operations require support for dynamic information gathering, processing, and sharing at the network edge for Collective Situation Understanding (CSU). To enhance CSU and leverage the combined strengths of humans and machines, we propose a conversational interface using Controlled Natural Language (CNL), which is both human readable and machine processable, for shared inform...

In this paper we present PENG-D, a proposal for a controlled natural language that can be used for expressing knowledge about resources in the Semantic Web and for specifying ontologies in a human-readable way. After a brief overview of the main Semantic Web enabling technologies (and their deficiencies), we will show how statements and rules written in PENG-D are related to (a subset of) RDFS ...

Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) are a viable, human-readable alternative to complex, formal query languages like SPARQL, which are typically used for accessing semantically structured data (e.g. RDF and OWL repositories). However, in order to cope with natural language ambiguities, NLIs typically support a more restricted language. A major challenge when designing such restricted languages i...

Building chatbots that can accomplish goals such as booking a flight ticket is an unsolved problem in natural language understanding. Much progress has been made to build conversation models using techniques such as sequence2sequence modeling. One challenge in applying such techniques to building goal-oriented conversation models is that maximum likelihood-based models are not optimized toward ...

Statistical knowledge on natural languages is inevitable for various kinds of services requiring Natural Language Processing (NLP) functionality, such as information retrieval. The NLP Group at the University of Leipzig started providing such statistical information for more than 50 languages in the Leipzig Corpora Collection (LCC) [1] more than a decade ago. Some of their corpora contain more ...