introduction: cardiovascular diseases are important factors at human death and factor destroys human resources. health intervention is a service for developing of health and diagnoses or modifies of process diseases. it is necessary that every country regarding to its goals, laws national, interests and standards, considers establishing such a system. a comparison of cardiovascular disease clas...

Recent research suggests racial classification is responsive to social stereotypes, but how this affects racial classification in national vital statistics is unknown. This study examines whether cause of death influences racial classification on death certificates. We analyze the racial classifications from a nationally representative sample of death certificates and subsequent interviews with...

INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease is an emerging epidemic in Vietnam, but because cause of death and other routine data are not widely available, it is difficult to characterize community-based disease patterns. Using 5-year data from an ongoing cause-specific mortality study conducted within a demographic surveillance system in Vietnam's Bavi district, this article estimates the rates of adu...

The stochastic frontier model used for continuous dependent variables is extended to accommodate output measured as a discrete ordinal outcome variable. Conditional on the inefficiency error, the assumptions of the ordered probit model are adopted for the log of output. Bayesian estimation utilizing a Gibbs sampler with data augmentation is applied to a convenient re-parameterisation of the mod...

Background and Purpose—Vital to maintaining an efficient delivery of services is an understanding of patient travel patterns during an acute ischemic stroke. Socioeconomic status may influence access to stroke care, including transportation and admission to different facility types. Methods—We analyzed all acute ischemic stroke admissions between 2003 and 2007 through the Discharge Abstract Dat...

The systematic categorization of disorders, provided by the World Health Organization in the "International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death" (ICD) is an essential tool for epidemiological and clinical research, for the indexing of national and international statistics of morbidity and mortality, to monitor health services and to formulate public health polic...

This report describes the characteristics of the TRANSAX (for Translation of AXis) computer software developed by staff of the National Center for Health Statistics to translate multiple cause-of-death data contained on death certificates from a condition (entity) axis of classification to a person (record) axis of classification. This conversion is an essential step in the development of data ...

The 1992–96 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) indicates that in 1996 victimization by intimates— spouses, ex-spouses, boyfriends, girlfriends, and former boyfriends and girlfriends—accounts for about 21 percent of the violent crime experienced by women and about 2 percent of the violence experienced by men. Rates of nonlethal violence are highest among women ages 16–24 and women in low...

AIM To investigate whether enumeration district (ED) level data reflect the aggregate characteristics of people living in that district better than ward level analysis. DESIGN AND SETTING Reanalysis of the fourth national morbidity survey in general practice (MSGP4). Socioeconomic data on patients who had consulted 60 practices over one year were linked via postcode to ED and thence to small ...