The development of super-hydrophobic surfaces has been inspired by natural systems and uses a number of novel (nano) technologies. Superhydrophobicity has stimulated much scientific and industrial interest because of applications in water repellency, selfcleaning, friction reduction, antifouling, etc. Despite its inherent hydrophilicity, cellulose has unparalleled advantages as a substrate for ...

Polyethersulfone (PES) is a common material used for ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, which has good chemical resistance, high mechanical properties, and wide temperature tolerances. The hydrophobic property of the PES membrane seriously limits its application. Cellulose fibrils are composed of micro-sized and nano-sized elements, which have high hydrophilicity, strength, and biodegradation. A c...

Cellulose is a biopolymer that has long been used as a biomaterial and its different sources, as Bacterial Cellulose (BC), have shown to possess impressive mechanical properties, which can lead to the development of new biomedical implants. Bacterial Cellulose is a polysaccharide secreted by bacteria as Gluconacetobacter xylinus: BC is composed of highly hydrated nanofibrils and it is character...

Biodirected epitaxial nanodeposition of polymers was achieved on a template with an oriented molecular surface. Acetobacter xylinum synthesized a ribbon of cellulose I microfibrils onto a fixed, nematic ordered substrate of glucan chains with unique surface characteristics. The substrate directed the orientation of the motion due to the inverse force of the secretion during biosynthesis, and th...

The objective of this work was to develop an environmental friendly method for the effective utilization of coir fibre by adopting steam pre-treatment. The retting of the coconut bunch makes strong environmental problems which can be avoided by this method. Chemical characterization of the fibre during each processing stages confirmed the increase of cellulose content from raw (40%) to final st...

Currently, Malaysia has significantly increased its reputation as a country ripe for investments in the palm-based lignocellulosic biomass space. Lignocellulosic palm biomass is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, as well as other minor components. The presence of highly cellulose content in palm biomass is potentially convert to nanocellulose, which is a promising bio-polymer that...

A combination of reinforcements at different levels can have a synergetic effect on the final properties of a composite. The aim of this work was to produce, evaluate, and compare the wet/dry cycling durability of the exposure of cement composites reinforced with conventional pulps at the micro-scale level, with nanofibrillated cellulose fibers at the nano-scale level, and with combinations of ...

Chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is widely distributed in nature and is the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose. It is often converted to its more deacetylated derivative, chitosan. Previously, many reports have indicated the accelerating effects of chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives on wound healing. More recently, chemically modified or nano-fibrous chitin and c...