BACKGROUND The detection of mutations in the gyrA and gyrB genes in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome that have been demonstrated to confer phenotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones is the most promising technology for rapid diagnosis of fluoroquinolone resistance. METHODS In order to characterize the diversity and frequency of gyrA and gyrB mutations and to describe the global distributi...

Ftorhinolony — osnovnaya gruppa preparatov, primenyaemyh dlya lecheniya tuberkuleza s mnozhestvennoj lekarstvennoj ustojchivost'yu (MLU-TB). Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo ocenit' raznoobrazie mutacij v gene gyrA, a takzhe ustanovit' associaciyu gyrA fenotipicheskoj k levofloksacinu i obshchim profilem ustojchivosti vozbuditelya. Issledovanie provedeno na diagnosticheskom materiale ot 2836 bol'nyh t...

AIM To analyse mutations in the gyrA and parC genes leading to possible increase in ciprofloxacin resistance (high MIC values for ciprofloxacin) in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Delhi, India. METHOD MIC of ciprofloxacin for 63 clinical isolates of N gonorrhoeae were examined by the Etest method. Subsequently, gyrA and parC genes of these isolates were amplified and sequenced f...

conclusions this study demonstrated the specificity and sensitivity of the pcr-sscp method for finding mutations in the gyra gene. due to the sensitivity of most isolates to ciprofloxacin, this antibiotic should be considered an appropriate drug for the treatment of related diseases. background during the past several years, nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) have been reported as some of the mo...

DNA gyrase catalyses the adenosine triphosphate-dependent introduction of negative supercoils into DNA. The enzyme binds a DNA-segment at the so-called DNA-gate and cleaves both DNA strands. DNA extending from the DNA-gate is bound at the perimeter of the cylindrical C-terminal domains (CTDs) of the GyrA subunit. The CTDs are believed to contribute to the wrapping of DNA around gyrase in a posi...

Ongoing research in adaptive protocols and active networks has presumed that flexibility is offered exclusively through software systems, and the performance implications have generated considerable skepticism. The programmable Protocol Processing Pipeline (P4) exploits the dynamic reconfigurability of RAM based Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) to provide both hardware performance and dyn...

Mixed-linkage glucan∶xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (MXE) is one of the three activities of the recently characterised hetero-trans-β-glucanase (HTG), which among land plants is known only from Equisetum species. The biochemical details of the MXE reaction were incompletely understood - details that would promote understanding of MXE's role in vivo and enable its full technological exploitatio...

Model selection is an important task in machine learning and data mining. When using the holdout testing method to do model selection, a consensus in the machine learning community is that the same model selection goal should be used to identify the best model based on available data. However, following the preliminary work of (Rosset 2004), we show that this is, in general, not true under high...

strain with no parC mutations. This is consistent with previous findings that gyrA mutations are necessary for quinolone resistance, whereas parC mutations appear to be complementary, as resistant strains do not carry parC mutations alone. – 6 Some studies further suggest that additional parC mutations facilitate increasing levels of resistance, but our study did not support this. For example, ...