We argue that mutual fund investors are more sensitive to salient in-your-face fees, like loads and commissions, than operating expenses. Our empirical analysis of mutual fund flows over the last 30 years yields strong support for our contention. We find consistently negative relations between fund flows and load fees. We also document a negative relation between fund flows and commissions char...

A chain rule and a subadditivity for the entropy of type β, which is one of the nonextensive (nonadditive) entropies, were derived by Z.Daróczy. In this paper, we study the further relations among Tsallis type entropies which are typical nonextensive entropies. We show some inequalities related to Tsallis entropies, especially the strong subadditivity for Tsallis type entropies and the subaddit...

An equivalent circuit model for predicting the frequency response of a square ring slot frequency selective surface (SRS-FSS) for normal incidence is described. The proposed FSS consists of an array of square patches centered within a wire grid. The presented circuit model is formed by the impedance of the wire grid that is parallel with the impedance of the patch array, also the mutual couplin...

Introduction Due to the salience of citations in bibliometrics, there have been periodic calls for a theory of citations (e.g., Amsterdamska & Leydesdorff, 1989; Cozzens, 1989; Cronin, 1981, 1984, 1998; Garfield, 1979; Kaplan, 1965; Leydesdorff, 1998; Leydesdorff & Amsterdamska, 1990; Luukkonen, 1997; Nicolaisen, 2007; Woolgar, 1991; Wouters, 1998, 1999). Theories about citation tend to emphasi...

It is well known that the linear extension majority (LEM) relation of a poset of size n ≥ 9 can contain cycles. In this paper we are interested in obtaining minimum cutting levels αm such that the crisp relation obtained from the mutual rank probability relation by setting to 0 its elements smaller than or equal to αm, and to 1 its other elements, is free from cycles of length m. In a first par...

This work considers a stateless Q-learning agent in iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD). We have already given a condition of PD payoffs and Q-learning parameters that helps stateless Q-learning agents cooperate with each other [2]. That condition, however, has a restrictive premise. This work relaxes the premise and shows a new payoff condition for mutual cooperation. After that, we derive the pa...

In this paper, we propose to track multiple previously unseen objects in unconstrained scenes. Instead of considering objects individually, we model objects in mutual context with each other to benefit robust and accurate tracking. We introduce a unified framework to combine both Individual Object Models (IOMs) and Mutual Relation Models (MRMs). The MRMs consist of three components, the relatio...

Abstract—I present several new relations between mutual information (MI) and statistical estimation error for a system that can be regarded simultaneously as a communication channel and as an estimator of an input parameter. I first derive a secondorder result between MI and Fisher information (FI) that is valid for sufficiently narrow priors, but arbitrary channels. A second relation furnishes...