The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and is predicted affect 4.4% by 20301. total number people with projected rise from 171 million 366 20301.Diabetes has been defined as follows:1.American association diabetes: Diabetes a group metabolic disease characterized hyperglycemia resulting defects insulin secretion, action or both. ...

Diabetes may affect the musculoskeletal system in a variety of ways. The metabolic perturbations in diabetes (including glycosylation of proteins; microvascular abnormalities with damage to blood vessels and nerves; and collagen accumulation in skin and periarticular structures) result in changes in the connective tissue. Musculoskeletal complications are most commonly seen in patients with a l...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Rheumatic manifestations are a common feature of leprosy. The present study was performed to assess the incidence of rheumatic manifestations in leprosy. METHODS Seventy cases of leprosy attending the indoor and outdoor departments were studied. RESULTS Out of the 70 cases studied, rheumatic manifestations were seen in 61.42% of cases: arthritis in 54.28% and soft tissue...

Hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) is a rare neurocutaneous syndrome with characteristic whirled hypopigmented skin lesions and neurological manifestations. Less consistently, there may be non-neurological manifestations that include ophthalmic, musculoskeletal, craniofacial, cardiac, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal involvements. We report a case of HI, with typical skin lesions in association with ...

Extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia are uncommon and include hematologic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, dermatologic, and neurologic complications. We report a case of serologically-confirmed M. pneumoniae infection complicated by severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hepatitis. The presence of antiplatelet and antineutrophil antibodies suggested that these...

Introduction Articular manifestations (joint swelling, joint tenderness) are common extra-glandular manifestations of primary Sjogren’s syndrome (SjS). In past studies those have been reported that anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) is associated with arthritis in adult SjS and that there is no clear method to distinguish arthritis of primary SjS from early rheumatoid arthritis, ...