INTRODUCTION When spasticity interferes with comfort, function, activities of daily living, mobility, positioning, or caregiver assistance, patients should be considered for intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy. METHODS An expert panel consulted on best practices. RESULTS ITB can be considered for problematic spasticity involving muscles/muscle groups during all phases of diseases, including ...

Objectives: One of the most common and disabling complications that affects individuals with spinal cord injury is spasticity. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of agonist and antagonist electrical stimulations on triceps surae muscle spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: A total of 30 subjects with spinal cord injury were considered for the study. They were...

OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) to treat muscle spasticity after brain injury (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-11001310). METHODS A total of 60 patients with muscle spasticity after brain injury were randomized to the following 3 groups: 100, 2, and 0 Hz (sham) TEAS. The acupoint...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of knee proprioception with muscle strength and spasticity in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 31 stroke patients. The subjects received an explanation of the procedures and methods and provided informed consent before the experiment. A measurement board was used to determine the the proprioception ...

Introduction: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is the term for a group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive spasticity and muscle weakness in lower limbs. Its etiology genetic has been associated with mutations more than 60 genes. HSP rare may be useful differential diagnosis cerebral palsy. Case presentation: 16-year-old male due to mutation NIPA1 gene:c.316G>A (p. Gly1...

OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare the difference and the change trend of Muscle Architecture Parameters (MAP) between spastic and normal muscle tone patients after stroke, and analysis the application and value of Muscle Architecture Parameters in evaluating spasticity after stroke. METHODS 41 stroke patients were divided into spastic group (26 cases), normal muscle tone control group (15 ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to elucidate relationships between quadriceps and hamstrings voluntary muscle fatigue and upper motor lesion impairments in cerebral palsy in order to gain a better understanding of their contribution to the observed fatigue resistance. METHODS Seventeen ambulatory subjects with cerebral palsy (mean age: 17.0, SD=4.8 years) were recruited. Quantitative...

Spasticity is most commonly defined as an inappropriate, velocity dependent, increase in muscle tonic stretch reflexes, due to the amplified reactivity of motor segments to sensory input. It forms one component of the upper motor neuron syndrome and often leads to muscle stiffness and disability. Spasticity can, therefore, be measured through electrophysiological, biomechanical and clinical eva...

Spasticity is considered an important neural contributor to muscle hypertonia in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It is most often treated with antispasticity medication, such as Botulinum Toxin-A. However, treatment response is highly variable. Part of this variability may be due to the inability of clinical tests to differentiate between the neural (e.g., spasticity) and nonneural (e.g., so...

OBJECTIVE Although calf muscle spasticity is often treated with botulinum toxin type-A, the effects on balance and gait are ambiguous. Hereditary spastic paraplegia is characterized by progressive spasticity and relatively mild muscle weakness of the lower limbs. It is therefore a good model to evaluate the functional effects of botulinum toxin type-A. DESIGN Explorative pre-post intervention...