Trapdoor fractures, or blowout fractures, result from muscle entrapment after orbital floor fractures. The incarcerated muscles may become necrotic because of ischemia; immediate surgery is recommended for symptomatic persistent diplopia or clinical evidence of entrapment. We report a case of spontaneous resolution of diplopia in a patient with a high suspicion of a trapdoor fracture. A 15-year...

Occipital neuralgia is a form of headache that involves the posterior occiput in the greater or lesser occipital nerve distribution. Pain can be severe and persistent with conservative treatment. We present a case of intractable occipital neuralgia that conventional therapeutic modalities failed to ameliorate. We speculate that, in this case, the cause of headache could be the greater occipital...

Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a commonly underdiagnosed and undertreated chronic state of pain. This syndrome is characterized by the entrapment of the cutaneous branches of the lower thoracoabdominal intercostal nerves at the lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle, which causes severe, often refractory, chronic pain. This narrative review aims to identify the p...

During the routine dissection of a 57 year old male cadaver, a hypertrophied subscapularis muscle was detected on the right side. Hypertrophied subscapularis muscle originated from the anterior surface of the scapula and inserted to the lesser tubercle of the humerus. Its superior part covered the entire anterior surface of the suprascapular notch and lay on the suprascapular nerve while it tra...

Exercise-related leg pain is a common and yet difficult management problem in sports medicine. There are many common causes of such symptoms including stress fractures and muscle compartment syndromes. There are also a number of less common but important conditions including popliteal artery entrapment and nerve entrapment syndromes. Even for an astute clinician, distinction between the differe...

This case report describes abnormalities in bilateral rectus capitis posterior minor muscles in one individual with persistent head and neck pain. These findings are muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration on magnetic resonance imaging, and electromyographic abnormalities compatible with denervated muscle. The objective of the study contained herein was to determine if fatty infiltration on magnetic...

Sural nerve lipoma is a rare cause of sural nerve entrapment with an unknown etiology. The sural nerve is formed as a compilation of the median sural cutaneous and lateral sural cutaneous nerves, which arise from the tibial and peroneal nerves, respectively. It provides sensation to the posterolateral lower third of the leg and lateral aspect of the foot and heel. Sural nerve entrapment can res...

A 63 year old male with a history of gout and hypertension presented with carpal tunnel syndrome. He gave history of bilateral wrist pain associated with numbness over the median nerve distribution of the hand. Tinels sign and Phalens test were positive with no obvious thenar muscle wasting on examination. Tophaceous deposits in the flexor tendons and within the synovium of the wrist joint was ...

Entrapment detection is a prerequisite for planetary rovers to perform autonomous rescue procedure. In this study, rover entrapment and approximated entrapment criteria are formally defined. Entrapment detection using Naive Bayes classifiers is proposed and discussed along with results from experiments where the Naive Bayes entrapment detector is applied to AutoKralwer rovers. And final conclus...