OBJECTIVES Studies link area features such as neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation to poor health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of research based on representative data investigating the effects of area-level health services on mortality. This study examines the extent to which municipal health services account for municipal variation in all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mor...

This paper presents a summary of the major lessons learnt from the review of five cases of performance-based contracting in the water sector in three countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA), namely Armenia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine. The report also identifies good practices for designing and implementing such contracts. Although the target audience of these Guidelines is de...

Public-private partnerships in urban environmental services have witnessed increased interest in recent years primarily to reform the weak performance of the public sector, reduce cost, improve efficiency, and ensure environmental protection. In this context, successful public-private partnerships require a thorough analysis of opportunities, a deliberate attention to process details, and a con...

Municipal solid waste charging schemes can be powerful drivers for local policy efforts in reaching the goals of 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development adopted by all United Nations Member States 2015. This paper aims to provide empirical evidence on an economic lever meet SDG 11, Target 11.6 and 12, 12.5 applying polluter-pays principle management that also depends user engagement through modern ...

The Internet has created a new window for citizens to interact with the pubic sector through the means of electronic services (e-services). Municipalities throughout the Western world are competing to offer as many e-services as possible and several studies have explored the contents and nature of e-services for citizens. Most of these studies have dealt with the possibilities and reach of e-se...

OBJECTIVE To discuss factors related to the financing of the Basic Component of Pharmaceutical Services within the municipal management of the Brazilian Unified Health System. METHODS The Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil - Serviços (PNAUM - National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - Services) is a ...

roads, schools, fire stations, hospitals, airports, and much more— all of these different types of infrastructure are financed through municipal capital markets. These markets are vital to american households, both as savers and as consumers of the services these markets enable. objective and informed research on the ways in which municipal markets operate can help inform the decisions of both ...