A programmable ligand display system can be used to dissect the multivalent effects of ligand binding to a membrane receptor. An antagonist of the A2A adenosine receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor that is a drug target for neurodegenerative conditions, was displayed in 35 different multivalent configurations, and binding to A2A was determined. A theoretical model based on statistical mechani...

The projection on the base plane of a regular minimal surface S in R with isothermal parameters defines a complex-valued univalent harmonic function f = h(z) + g(z). The aim of this paper is to obtain the distortion inequalities for the Weierstrass-Enneper parameters of the minimal surface for the harmonic multivalent functions for which analytic part is an m-valent convex function. 2000 Mathem...

Capacities of generalized condensers are applied to prove a two-point distortion theorem for conformal mappings. The result is expressed in terms of the Robin function and the Robin capacity with respect to the domain of definition of the mapping and subsets of the boundary of this domain. The behavior of Robin function under multivalent functions is studied. Some corollaries and examples of ap...

It is known empirically that multivalent ions generate attractions between like-charged polyelectrolytes, with different valence requirements for different systems. How multivalent must an ion be before it can condense a given polyelectrolyte? Using charge-tunable M13 virus rods and a family of artificial homologous "dumbbell" divalent ions of different sizes, we have constructed a multivalent ...

In the present paper, we investigate several inclusion relationships and other interesting properties of certain subclasses of meromorphically multivalent functions which are defined here by means of a linear operator involving the generalized hypergeometric function. Some interesting applications on Hadamard product concerning this and other classes of integral operators are also considered.

We study the effective interaction mediated by strongly coupled Coulomb fluids between dielectric surfaces carrying quenched, random monopolar charges with equal mean and variance, both when the Coulomb fluid consists only of mobile multivalent counterions and when it consists of an asymmetric ionic mixture containing multivalent and monovalent (salt) ions in equilibrium with an aqueous bulk re...

We define a new class of multivalent meromorphic functions using the generalised hypergeometric function. We derived this class related to conic domain. It is also shown that this new class of functions, under certain conditions, becomes a class of starlike functions. Some results on inclusion and closure properties are also derived.

Abstract. In the present paper we derive various useful properties and characteristics for certain class of meromorphic multivalent function involving a linear operator in the punctured unit disk U = {z : z ∈ C and 0 < |z| < 1}, and derive various useful properties and characteristics of this function class. Several results are presented exhibiting relevant connections to some of the results pr...

Batteries that shuttle multivalent ions such as Mg and Ca ions are promising candidates for achieving higher energy density than available with current Li-ion technology. Finding electrode materials that reversibly store and release these multivalent cations is considered a major challenge for enabling such multivalent battery technology. In this paper, we use recent advances in high-throughput...

We address theoretically aggregation of DNA segments by multivalent polyamines such as spermine and spermidine. In experiments, the aggregation occurs above a certain threshold concentration of multivalent ions. We demonstrate that the dependence of this threshold on the concentration of DNA has a simple form. When the DNA concentration c(DNA) is smaller than the monovalent salt concentration, ...