The possibility of early superficial Crohn's disease should be considered when mucosal irregularities without transmural abnormalities are seen in the distal 15 cm of the ileum in young patients with protracted symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Radiologic assessment of the small bowel is improved using the barium/air double contrast technique and in this study mucosal abnormalities were...

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technically complex endoscopic procedure with significant rates of severe complications (0.8%) and mortality (0.02%) [1]. Complication rates increase in those patients where cannulation is difficult, defined as a situation in which the operator using a standard technique fails to achieve cannulation within 5 minutes, makes five unsucces...

OBJECTIVES To quantitatively evaluate the effect of vocal fold lengthening on pliability of the mucosa measured along the superior-inferior axis and to examine the relation of the location of mucosal upheaval (MU) during phonation to the changes in pliability pattern of the mucosa when the vocal fold was lengthened. DESIGN Investigation of mechanical characteristics of the vocal fold in relat...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS An animal vocal fold replacement model is needed to investigate treatments for vocal fold scarring. We developed a rabbit surgical model, hypothesizing that orthotopic vocal fold cover implants would attach and survive. We further hypothesized that superficial scarring would be limited, allowing unimpeded vibration. STUDY DESIGN Translational research: animal surgical st...

The present study was aimed at the light microscopic examination of oviduct and show epithelium structure iraqi goat oviduct, determination histochemical mucus secreted by epithelial cells, muscular layers oviducts Twelve healthy adult constituted material study. using routine histological techniques Hematoxylin eosin , masson trichrom for Histochemically, it observed Pas Alcian Histological ob...

objective(s): prostaglandins have been shown to mediate the gastro-protective effect of sodium hydrosulfide (nahs) but effect of nahs on mrna expression of prostaglandin e2 receptors (ep1, 3-4; eps) has not been investigated. therefore, this study designed to evaluate the effect of nahs on mrna expression of eps receptors in response to mucosal acidification and distention-induced gastric acid ...

Subepithelial changes to the vocal fold mucosa, such as fibrosis, are difficult to identify using visual assessment of the tissue surface. Moreover, without suspicion of neoplasm, mucosal biopsy is not a viable clinical option, as it carries its own risk of iatrogenic injury and scar formation. Given these challenges, we assessed the ability of high- (4.7 T) and ultrahigh-field (9.4 T) magnetic...

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis or P. lutzii. It is a neglected tropical infectious disease that poses a major public health burden in endemic areas of Latin America. Mucosae of the upper digestive and respiratory tracts are commonly involved and many patients have disease at multiple mucosal sites, with or without lung in...

A theory of vocal fold oscillation is developed on the basis of the body-cover hypothesis. The cover is represented by a distributed surface layer that can propagate a mucosal surface wave. Linearization of the surface-wave displacement and velocity, and further small-amplitude approximations, yields closed-form expressions for conditions of oscillation. The theory predicts that the lung pressu...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can efficiently spread by direct cell-to-cell contact, a mechanism termed cell-associated HIV transmission. By some estimates, cell-associated HIV transmission is 10-1000-fold more effective than cell-free HIV infection. Mucosal cell-associated HIV transmission may occur when HIV-bearing cells in mucosal secretions from an HIV-infected donor transfer ...