One of the most important issue that a project manager must address in construction project management is risk management. Risk management includes identifying risks, assessing risks either quantitatively or qualitatively, choosing the appropriate method for handling risks, and then monitoring and documenting risks. By identifying risks in an early stage of planning and assessing their relative...

Boneh and Venkatesan have proposed a polynomial time algorithm in a non-uniform model for recovering a ”hidden” element α ∈ IFp, where p is prime, from very short strings of the most significant bits of the residue of αt modulo p for several randomly chosen t ∈ IFp. Here we modify the scheme and amplify the uniformity of distribution of the ‘multipliers’ t and thus extend this result to subgrou...

This paper investigates the interaction between cultural evolution and biological evolution in the emergence of phonemic coding in speech. It is observed that our nearest relatives, the primates, use holistic utterances, whereas humans use phonemic utterances. It can therefore be argued that our last common ancestor used holistic utterances and that these must have evolved into phonemic utteran...

We investigate the problem of inferring contiguous ancestral regions (CARs) of the genome of the last common ancestor of all extant amniotes, based on the currently sequenced and assembled amniote genomes as ingroups and three teleost fish genomes as outgroups. We combine a methodological framework using conserved syntenies computed from whole genome alignments of amniote species together with ...

In MANETs, most network functions count on node cooperation. Forwarding packets of other nodes is a basic example of such cooperation. However, nodes may not be interested in forwarding the requested packets because of being selfishness or malice, which significantly degrades network performance. Therefore, in respect of node forwarding process, we propose a global punishment-based repeated-gam...

The detection of superinfection involves an assessment whether the sequences obtained from a patient diverged from a last common ancestor within that patient, or several lineages were introduced by independent infection events. First we tested whether sequence divergence can be used to identify viral sequences of polyphyletic origin. In principle, a conservative divergence threshold could be es...

The memristor is promising to be the basic cell of next-generation computation systems. Compared to the traditional MOSFET device, the memristor is efficient over energy and area. But one of the biggest challenges faced with researchers is how to program a memristor’s resistance precisely. Recently, an algorithm designed to save 8 valid bits in each memristor is proposed, but this is still not ...

Recent explorations of the oldest known rocks of marine sedimentary origin from the southwestern coast of Greenland suggest that they preserve a biogeochemical record of early life. On the basis of the age of these rocks, the emergence of the biosphere appears to overlap with a period of intense global bombardment. This finding could also be consistent with evidence from molecular biology that ...