Diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common skin cancer, is made by histologic examination traditionally. Yet the process is invasive and timeconsuming. In vivo imaging modalities such as harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) was therefore developed for noninvasive diagnosis of BCC. However the images acquired by HGM are too many for physicians to interpret manually. Thus, in this p...

Amixed integer linear model for selecting the best decisionmaking unit (DMU) in data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently been proposed by Foroughi [Foroughi, A. A. (2011a). A new mixed integer linear model for selecting the best decision making units in data envelopment analysis. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 60(4), 550–554], which involves many unnecessary constraints and requires ...

Exposure to inorganic arsenic increases the risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Arsenic metabolism is a susceptibility factor for arsenic toxicity, and specific haplotypes in arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) have been associated with increased urinary fractions of the most toxic arsenic metabolite, methylarsonic acid (MMA). The aim of this study is to elucidate the associa...

We provide an alternative framework for solving Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models which, in comparison with the standard Linear Programming (LP) based approach that solves one LP for each Decision Making Unit (DMU), delivers much more information. By projecting out all the variables which are common to all LP runs, we obtain a formula into which we can substitute the inputs and outputs of ...

It is well established that multiple reference sets may occur for a decision making unit (DMU) in the non-radial DEA (data envelopment analysis) setting. As our first contribution, we differentiate between three types of reference set. First, we introduce the notion of unary reference set (URS) corresponding to a given projection of an evaluated DMU. The URS includes efficient DMUs that are act...

Calibrating the dose per monitor unit (DMU) for individual patients is important to deliver the prescribed dose in radiation therapy. We have developed a DMU calculation method combining measurement data and calculation with a simplified Monte Carlo method for the double scattering system in proton beam therapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital East in Japan. The DMU calculation method det...

Tailor-made additives can prove an effective method to prolong the lifetime of metastable forms of pharmaceutical compounds by surface stabilization. Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a pharmaceutical compound with four polymorphic forms. The high temperature γ form, which can be produced by spray drying or sublimation growth, is metastable at room temperature and transforms within days when produced by sp...

Background: Nowadays, new methods such as scrub with an efficient agent for short time are used for the prevention of communicable diseases and infection control at the most of operating rooms. But, at most of our operating rooms, surgical teams use traditional and routine hand scrub (with Betadine more than 3 min). The aim of this clinical trial was to compare efficacy of Betadine and an alcoh...

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. The most significant risk factor is ultraviolet radiation and the most frequent site of BCC is head and neck, with around 75-80% occurring on face. BCC occurs infrequently in non-sun-exposed skin. The axilla is one of the least sun-exposed areas of our body, and as such BCC at this site is very rare. We present a case of large neglected...