Two decarboxylative methods providing access to N-alkylated α-trihalomethylated heterocyclic amines have been developed. A batch protocol in which methyl trifluoroacetate acts both as a methylating reagent and subsequently as a nucleophilic trifluoromethyl anion precursor upon its addition to (iso)quinoline derivatives. Next, a telescoped continuous flow process, forming the corresponding α-tri...

Many production activities require cooperation between agents in an organization, and incentive alignment may take advantage of complementarities in such activities. This paper investigates such a possibility by examining two education policies that were implemented in New York City: a grade retention policy that incentivizes students and an accountability scheme that incentivizes schools. I em...

“IS IT TOO MUCH TO HOPE that a system of education may some day be devised, which shall give results, in terms of human development, commensurate with the time, money, energy and devotion expended? In such a system of education it may be that mescaline or some other chemical substance may play a part by making it possible for young people to “taste and see” what they have learned about at secon...

Despite their central role in the electoral process, constituency agents have been largely overlooked by political scientists and this article seeks to rectify the omission. It sketches the origins and development of the role of agent from the late nineteenth century and suggests that a serious re-think of the role took place in the 1990s. Survey-based evidence about the social characteristics ...

A novel synthetic approach to functionalized indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidines is developed via an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed annulation of cyclic β-enamino esters with enals . This methodology offers a pathway for quick and efficient construction of an indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidine skeleton which is a core structure of many natural products with diverse bioactivities.

result of multicenter study showing efficacy of sildenafil in men with MS. [16] Palmer J, Kaplan W, Firlit C. Erectile dysfunction in spina bifida is treatable. Lancet 1999;354:125-6. Small group of men with spina bifida successfully treated with sildenafil.References continued ►

CORRIGENDUM Remineralization Strategies in Oral Hygiene: A Position Paper of Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences Consuelo Sanavia , Marco Tatullo, Jessica Bassignani, Silvia Cotellessa, Giulia Fantozzi, Giovanna Acito, Alessia Iommiello, Lorella Chiavistelli, Silvia Sabatini and Gianna Maria Nardi Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy 2 Calabrodenta...

Just how different are objects and agents? Some developers consider agents to be objects, but with more bells and whistles. This approach tends to define agents beginning with the phrase, "An agent is an object that ..."—where the definers add their favorite discriminating features. Then, there are those who see agents and objects as different even though they share many things in common. Both ...