OBJECTIVE To explore the strategies used to improve retention in primary care randomised trials. DESIGN Qualitative in-depth interviews and thematic analysis. PARTICIPANTS 29 UK primary care chief and principal investigators, trial managers and research nurses. METHODS In-depth face-to-face interviews. RESULTS Primary care researchers use incentive and communication strategies to improv...

We examine how responsive offenders are to illegal monetary incentives. draw from rational choice theory, prospect and models of labor supply develop expectations regarding the relationship between criminal efficiency, which is average earnings per offense, frequency offending. use OLS, fixed effects, first-difference estimators analyze data 152 incarcerated male inmates Quebec, Canada study wi...

Why do monetary unions fail? Answers to this question from a material-based approach tend to point to a breakdown in elite political support, especially when actors have material incentives to ‘cheat’ on their multilateral commitments rather than cooperate to overcome the collective action problem that a monetary union entails. Recent ideational approaches have focused on the role of shared eco...

AIM This paper reviews the ethical controversy concerning the use of monetary incentives in health promotion, focussing specifically on the arguments relating to the impact on personal autonomy of such incentives. BACKGROUND Offering people small amounts of money in the context of health promotion and medical care has been attempted in a number of settings in recent years. This use of persona...

Cognitive performance is affected by motivation. Few studies, however, have investigated the neural mechanisms of the influence of motivation through potential monetary punishment on working memory. We employed functional MRI during a delayed recognition task that manipulated top-down control demands with added monetary incentives to some trials in the form of potential losses of bonus money. B...

Research has shown that reward incentives improve cognitive control in motivationally salient situations. Much previous work in this domain has focused on incentive cue-related activity in a number of brain regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and striatum. However, the more sustained changes in functional brain activity during task contexts with incentives have been re...

Bilateral basal ganglia lesions have been reported to induce a particular form of apathy, termed auto-activation deficit (AAD), principally defined as a loss of self-driven behaviour that is reversible with external stimulation. We hypothesized that AAD reflects a dysfunction of incentive motivation, a process that translates an expected reward (or goal) into behavioural activation. To investig...

The overall research question addresses the effectiveness of incentive mechanisms in poli -cies that enhance private forest owners’ biodiversity protection. In particular, paper focuses on link between motivations, incentives, and institutions, questions incentives current protection policies. Our hypothesis is purely monetary nature can cause a “crowding out effect”, i.e., owners may reduce th...

Introduction Given the increasing shortage of organs in recent years, there has been an abundant empirical and theoretical literature on incentives to improve organ donation [1,2]. Some of these incentives, such as reimbursement of donor expenses, are uncontroversial whereas others, such as payment for organs, are matters of heated debate. In this issue of the Journal, Caulfield and colleagues ...