Hierarchical architectures are critical to the scalability of reinforcement learning methods. Current hierarchical frameworks execute actions serially, with macroactions comprising sequences of primitive actions. We propose a novel alternative to these control hierarchies based on concurrent execution of many actions in parallel. Our scheme uses the concurrent compositionality provided by the l...

No studies were located that examined health effects in humans or animals exposed to threeor fourmembered mixtures of the five components of concern. No PBPK models were found for threeor fourmembered mixtures of these chemicals. The following subsections present evaluations of health effects data and discussions of mechanistic information pertinent to the joint toxic action of each pair of com...

The paper provides a quantitative algebraic analysis of a BB’84-type quantum key distribution protocol. The analysis is done in an algebraic setting, where classical and quantum variables form a module for the quantale formed from the communication and quantum actions. The module-quantale pair is endowed with sup-maps that encode uncertainties of agents involved in the protocol, about the varia...

We introduce the notion of support equivalence for (co)module algebras (over Hopf algebras), which generalizes in a natural way (weak) gradings. show that each class algebra structures on given A, there exists unique universal H together with an H-(co)module structure A such any other equivalent factors through action H. study and mentioned above group gradings, Hopf-Galois extensions, actions ...

The first spoken dialogue system developed for the Persian language is introduced. This is a ticket reservation system with Persian ASR and NLU modules. The focus of the paper is on learning the dialogue management module. In this work, real on-line training data are used during the learning process. For on-line learning, the effect of the variations of discount factor (g) on the learning speed...

The first spoken dialogue system developed for the Persian language is introduced. This is a ticket reservation system with Persian ASR and NLU modules. The focus of the paper is on learning the dialogue management module. In this work, real on-line training data are used during the learning process. For on-line learning, the effect of the variations of discount factor (g) on the learning speed...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the lack of knowledge of toxic agents in households is a risk factor for individual unintentional childhood poisoning. METHODS The case group (n = 25) was composed of caregivers of children under 60 months of age who underwent accidental oral poisoning and were treated at two reference hospitals in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, and recorded in the Toxicology ...

Complex actions often can be decomposed into sequences of individual movements. Primate medial motor areas (SMA and pre-SMA) have been shown to be key players in the concert of such sequential actions. In this issue of Neuron, Lu and Ashe show for the first time that neurons in primate M1-the ultimate output stage of cortex-have anticipatory activity related to specific movement sequences. Thes...

we state several conditions under which comultiplication and weak comultiplication modulesare cyclic and study strong comultiplication modules and comultiplication rings. in particular,we will show that every faithful weak comultiplication module having a maximal submoduleover a reduced ring with a finite indecomposable decomposition is cyclic. also we show that if m is an strong comultiplicati...

in this paper, we show that every element of a discrete module is a sum of two units if and only if its endomorphism ring has no factor ring isomorphic to $z_{2}$. we also characterize unit sum number equal to two for the endomorphism ring of quasi-discrete modules with finite exchange property.