This paper proposes an improvement of the conventional Lightweight Steel Frame (LSF) wall structure suitable for design high-performance modular buildings. A mobile module, named MUZA, is used as a case study building to analyse performance such LSF structures in terms their thermal bridging effect on U-value opaque envelope elements, linear heat losses at junctions, and moisture condensation r...

Abstract. In order to minimize the effort of building modular applications, and also as a guideline for designing them from scratch, we propose a model that allows rapid application building and reconfiguration with minimal manual intervention, potentiating module reuse and improving application understanding. As a demonstration of the model’s capabilities, we present a user interface which all...

This paper presents an analytical model to estimate the cost of an optimized design of reinforced concrete isolated footing base on structural safety. Flexural and optimized formulas for square and rectangular footingare derived base on ACI building code of design, material cost and optimization. The optimization constraints consist of upper and lower limits of depth and area of steel. Footing ...

The complexity of the human body derives from numerous modular building blocks assembled hierarchically across multiple length scales. These building blocks, spanning sizes ranging from single cells to organs, interact to regulate development and normal organismal function but become disorganized during disease. Here, we review methods for the bottom-up and directed assembly of modular, multice...

The building sector continues to play an essential role in reducing worldwide energy consumption. reduced consumption is accompanied by stricter regulation for the thermotechnical design of envelope. redefined nearly Zero Energy Building levels that will come into force each member state pressure designers rethink constructive details so mandatory can be reached, without increasing construction...

This paper presents an experimental program dealing with the shear strengthening with FRP systems of URM walls built with concrete and clay units. Ten concrete and five clay masonry panels, strengthened with FRP composites in the form of laminates and rods, and stainless steel, were loaded along the wall diagonal to observe their shear performance. The dimension of the concrete masonry panels w...

The objective of this paper is to investigate the response of a cold-formed steel framed building subjected to earthquake excitation primarily through nonlinear time history analysis employing the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) framework. The two-story archetype building from the Cold-Formed Steel – Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (CFS-NEES) project is analyzed using OpenSees....

Abstract Constructing modular applications from existing parts is difficult if there are mismatches due to input or output semantic differences during module interconnection. In order to minimize the effort of building such applications, and also as a guideline for designing modular applications from scratch, we propose an architecture in which modules are able to interface with each other with...

Modular construction has been in the UK since the late 1970s but its rapid increase in recent years has occurred due to client demands in various well-defined sectors. There are five major manufacturers of modular units in the UK. A strong infrastructure of design, manufacture and supply exists, which has expanded to meet the increasing demand of the late 1990s. The motivation for using modular...