Do political elites use armed groups to foster civilian participation in genocidal violence? Are employed strategically? How do they mobilize civilians? I investigate these questions using data from the Rwandan Genocide. To establish causality, exploit exogenous variation groups’ transport costs induced by weather fluctuations: shortest distance of each village main road interacted with rainfal...

max. 10 lines) The production series of complex technical equipment (e.g. cars and utility vehicles) is characterized by a large variety of assemblies and components. From the start to end of a production assemblies are often changed multiple times. Against this background manufacturers focus more and more on reworking and reusing parts to ensure the long-term supply of spare parts. For reuse p...

A new problem in technology policy-a discipline hitherto largely concerned with the modern industrial sector-is posed by the need for technology suited to creating productive jobs and providing minimum public services at a cost and level of sophistication within the reach of poor people in developing countries. Careful consideration must be given to overall and sectoral development objectives, ...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the content analysis of recent persian songs (2013-2014) according to emotions of anxiety, depression, anger, fear and happiness. the research method was content analysis type. the sample consisted of 50 persian songs from 2013 to 2014 which they were selected by simple sampling. to analysis of data, massages were categorized in emotions of anxiety, ...

Osteoblasts are necessary to B lymphopoiesis and mobilizing doses of G-CSF or cyclophosphamide inhibit osteoblasts, whereas AMD3100/Plerixafor does not. However, the effect of these mobilizing agents on B lymphopoiesis has not been reported. Mice (wild-type, knocked-out for TNF-α and TRAIL, or over-expressing Bcl-2) were mobilized with G-CSF, cyclophosphamide, or AMD3100. Bone marrow, blood, sp...

Fat mobilization to meet energy requirements during early lactation is inevitable because of insufficient feed intake, but differs greatly among high-yielding dairy cows. Therefore, we studied milk production, feed intake, and body condition as well as metabolic and endocrine changes in high-yielding dairy cows to identify variable strategies in metabolic and endocrine adaptation to overcome po...

Abstract Large numbers of people living under authoritarian governments participate in pro-opposition politics despite sometimes significant risks. Increasing amounts this political participation are taking place and being organized online. Do emotions play a causal role inducing regimes? Can that mobilize be spread via social media? Through an experiment carried out by opposition party Zimbabw...