In Mobile IPv6 especially in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6), Mobile Node’s handoff performance is greatly impaired by the Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) procedure for the newly formed Care-of Address. Based on the data gathered from our HMIPv6 test bed, this paper analyzed the origin of such performance degradation. To alleviate the impact of DAD on handoff performance, Greg Daley et al p...

A set of laboratory experiments were conducted to study the impact vegetation on bed form resistance and load transport in a mobile channel. Vegetation stems simulated by using arrays emergent polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rods several staggered configurations. The total flow was divided into bed, sidewall, resistances. Bed further separated grain (i.e., ripples dunes) By analyzing experimental data...

Background: It has been shown that short-wavelength blue component of the visible light spectrum can alter the circadian rhythm and suppress the level of melatonin hormone. The short-wavelength light emitted by smartphones’ screens can affect the sleep quality of the people who use these devices at night through suppression of melatonin.Objectives: In this study, we examined the effects of co...

This paper describes the system design and implementation of a demonstrator prototype, running at University of Bremen, which implements Mobile IP handoffs between GPRS and WLAN systems. Mobile IP requires public IP addresses but there is no support of such IP addresses by most mobile operators. To solve the problem of NAT (Network Address Translation) and firewalls resulting from this, several...

This paper presents the results from a performance evaluation on a Mobile IPv6 based test-bed composed of WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks), MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) and the Internet. Location management and handoff efficiency is measured in terms of session setup delay and handoff delay. The mobiles, connected as a MANET, employ the OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) protocol for ro...

Remediation of heavy metal polluted sediment by extracting the metals with sulfuric acid can be performed as follows: abiotic suspension leaching, microbial suspension leaching, abiotic solid-bed leaching, and microbial solid-bed leaching. Abiotic leaching means that the acid is directly added, while microbial leaching means that the acid is generated from sulfur by microbes (bioleaching). Thes...

Orchestrating a live field trial of wireless mobile networking involves significant cost and logistical issues relating to mobile platforms, support personnel, network and experiment automation and support equipment. The significant cost and logistics required to execute such a field trial can also be limiting in terms of achieving meaningful test results that exercise a practical number of mob...