We present inelastic neutron scattering results on [email protected]#O3.94 for temperatures T between 4 K and 295 K. We find that this compound is a charge-disordered material, in which both Mn-Mn and Mn-Mn nonlinear chains are formed once the electrons have become localized. Unlike the case for the parent material LiMn2O4, we find that the Jahn-Teller active Mn 31 ions in the Li-doped system are...

Microbially mediated oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(III/IV) oxides influences the cycling of metals and remineralization of carbon. Despite the prevalence of Mn(II)-bearing minerals in nature, little is known regarding the ability of microbes to oxidize mineral-hosted Mn(II). Here, we explored oxidation of the Mn(II)-bearing mineral rhodochrosite (MnCO3 ) and characteristics of ensuing Mn oxides by ...

Manganese redox enzymes play crucial roles in a variety of biological systems. These include the photosynthetic oxidation of water m dioxygen, the disproport ionat ion of hydrogen peroxide, the disproport ionat ion of superoxide, and ribonucleotide reduction. The Mn sites in two of these systems, the photosynthetic oxygen evolving complex (OEC) and the Mn catalase from L. planrarum have been ch...

Introduction: Median Nerve (MN) originated from medial and lateral cords of Brachial Plexus can be affected by anatomical variations which may lead to several diagnostic and therapeutic mistakes. This paper aim is to study about MN variations investigated by cadaveric studies. Materials and Methods: This study is based on research in electronic databases. Full text of all relevant papers has b...

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element. However, excess Mn causes neurotoxicity. Fetuses and neonates have been discussed as potentially sensitive subpopulations for Mn. In the present study, a previously published physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for Mn in adult rats was extended to examine exposure conditions that could lead to increased central nervous system Mn in developing rats...

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes display a marked difference in their ability to tolerate growth at low manganese (Mn) concentrations, a phenomenon designated as differential Mn efficiency. Induction of Mn deficiency in two genotypes differing in Mn efficiency led to a decline in the quantum yield efficiency for both, although faster in the Mn-inefficient genotype. Leaf tissue and thylakoid M...

BACKGROUND Micronuclei (MN) in mammalian cells serve as a reliable biomarker of genomic instability and genotoxic exposure. Elevation of MN is commonly observed in cells bearing intrinsic genomic instability and in normal cells exposed to genotoxic agents. DNA double-strand breaks are marked by phosphorylation of H2AX at serine 139 (γ-H2AX). One subclass of MN contains massive and uniform γ-H2A...

We examined manganese uptake and translocation in 30-year-old silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.) showing severe symptoms of needle chlorosis by analyzing both xylem and phloem sap of shoots and an extract of root sap originating from both xylem and phloem elements. Manganese concentrations in shoot xylem and phloem sap were significantly lower in chlorotic trees than in neighboring healthy tre...

BACKGROUND Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) lesions have often been discussed as a negative predictor in idopathic membranous nephropathy (MN). The mechanism of the development of FSGS lesion in MN is still uncertain. METHODS From 250 cases of MN, 26 cases contained FSGS lesion. We compared the clinicopathological characteristics between MN cases with FSGS lesion [MN-FSGS(+)] and MN ...