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Thin films of copper indium diselenide (CIS) were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique onto glass substrate at 60C. The studies on composition, morphology, optical absorption, electrical conductivity and structure of the films were carried out. Characterization includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Energy dispersive x-ray ...
for several years, researchers in familiarity of efl teachers with post-method and its role in second and foreign language learners’ productions have pointed out that the opportunity to plan for a task generally develops language learners’ development (ellis, 2005). it is important to mention that the critical varies in language teaching was shown is the disappearances of the concept of method ...
Electrical, structural and morphological properties of Ni silicide films formed in Ni(Pt 4at.% )/Si(100) and Ni0.6Si0.4(Pt4at.% )/Si(100) structures at various annealing temperatures ranging from 200 to 1000 oC were studied. The Ni(Pt) and Ni0.6Si0.4(Pt) films with thickness of 15 and 25 nm were deposited by RF magnetron co-sputtering method, respectively. The annealing process of the structur...
This paper studies the properties of thermally evaporated 1 μm of aluminium (Al) thin films on polyimide (PI) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates at room temperature with thermal evaporation in a vacuum of about 3 x 10 -5 Torr for use as window materials for solar cells. Effects of substrate types on the structural and electrical characteristics of the films were studied. Sets of ex...
here, we report analysis of in vitro and in vivo drug release from an in situ formulation consisting of triamcinolone acetonide (tr) and poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (plga) and the additives glycofurol and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (ha). we found that these additives enhanced drug release rate. we used the taguchi method to predict optimum formulation variables to minimise the initial burs...
why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...
like any other learning activity, translation is a problem solving activity which involves executing parallel cognitive processes. the ability to think about these higher processes, plan, organize, monitor and evaluate the most influential executive cognitive processes is what flavell (1975) called “metacognition” which encompasses raising awareness of mental processes as well as using effectiv...
the Sol–gel nanocomposite coatings have been investigated for copper metal as a potential replacement for the hazardous and banned hexavalent chromate conversion coatings. TiO2–CdO nanocomposite thin films were deposited on copper using the sol–gel method. The sol-gel coatings were prepared using a sol obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetra-o-butyl titanate. They were doped with c...
CdTe thin films with 2.8 µm thickness were deposited by electron beam evaporation method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the films. The results of AFM analysis revealed that the CdTe films have uniform surface. CdTe thin films were heat-treated by SnCl2 solution. Structural analysis using XRD s...
the importance of writing as a complex skill in applied linguistics has drawn the attention of many researchers to evaluate textbooks in order to help learners gain self-sufficiency and autonomy in the field of language use and communication. investigations have shown that developments in textbooks evaluation can promote the quality of pedagogies and consequently the learning. this study attemp...
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