441individualswith bipolardisorder treated at a UShealthmaintenance organisation investigated the distribution ofmanic and depressive symptomsinthat illness.Clinically significantdepressive symptoms occurred in 94.1% ofthosewith (hypo)mania, while 70.1% in a depressive episode had clinically significantmanic symptoms.DSM-unrecognised depression-plus-hypomaniawas over twice asprevalent as DSM-re...

Patients: 148 people aged 18 to 55 years (mean age 39 years) diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed episode) according to DSM-IV criteria. Main inclusion criteria were: agitated at baseline (as defined by a score of .20 points according to the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component test (PANSS-EC; ...

Understanding complex or mixed emotions first requires an exploration of the human nervous system underlying emotions, and indeed all experience. We review current research in neuroscience, which describes the brain as a predictive, internal model of the world that flexibly combines features from past experience to construct emotions. We argue that "mixed emotions" result when these features of...

OBJECTIVE Mixed episodes have been described as more severe than manic episodes, especially due to their longer duration and their association with higher rates of suicide attempts, hospitalization and psychotic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to compare the severity between mixed and pure manic episodes according to DSM-IV criteria, through the evaluation of sociodemographic data and c...

A new Internet traffic datamining technique is presented for generating frequent episode rules (FER). Adaptive base-support threshold is applied to different axis attributes in these rules. We use the rules to build anomaly-based, network intrusion detection systems (NIDS). The episode rules detect anomalous sequences of TCP, UDP, or ICMP connections. Three new pruning techniques are devised to...

AIMS To compare outcomes and costs of out-patient women's treatment to mixed-gender programs. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. SETTING Northern California (USA). INTERVENTION Day treatment: one community-based women's program, two mixed-gender community-based programs and one mixed-gender hospital-based program. PARTICIPANTS Substance-dependent women recruited from the community (n = 1...

BACKGROUND Since the onset, prevalence, and course of specific psychopathological features rarely have been analyzed simultaneously from the start of dissimilar psychotic illnesses, we compared symptom-clusters in first-episode DSM-IV affective and non-affective psychotic disorders. METHODS Subjects (N=377) from the McLean-Harvard First Episode Project hospitalized for first-lifetime primary ...

OBJECTIVE The authors tested the hypothesis that divalproex would be more effective than lithium in the long-term management of patients with recently stabilized rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. METHOD A 20-month, double-blind, parallel-group comparison was carried out in recently hypomanic/manic patients who had experienced a persistent bimodal response to combined treatment with lithium and ...