Sea cucumbers are the most important medicinal group among echinoderms. The presence of a wide range of natural bioactive compounds from sea cucumbers has been confirmed in many studies. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts from sea cucumber Holothuria parva. The sea cucumbers were collected during the low tide from Ola village,...

INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial activity on biofilms depends on their molecular size, positive charges, permeability coefficient, and bactericidal activity. Vancomycin is the primary choice for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection treatment; rifampicin has interesting antibiofilm properties, but its effectivity remains poorly defined. METHODS Rifampicin activity alone and i...

Josamycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, was compared with ampicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin in vitro against 25 isolates each of pneumococci, enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and nonenterococcal hemolytic streptococci and against 25 anaerobes including 10 Bacteroides fragilis. Minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration data were obtained fo...

The in vitro susceptibility of 113 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to spectinomycin was determined by the broth dilution method and was compared with their susceptibility to penicillin and ampicillin. All strains demonstrated a susceptibility to spectinomycin in a range between 2.5 and 20 mug/ml; 96% of these strains were susceptible in a range from 5 to 10 mug/ml. The same strains were suscep...

Volunteer studies with Vibrio cholerae O1 have shown that the best correlate of a vaccine's protective efficacy is its propensity to elicit serum bactericidal responses in its recipients. Attempts to detect such responses following infection with V. cholerae O139, however, have met with varying success. Using a tube-based assay which involves viable counting, we now report that strains of serog...

Three aminoglycoside antibiotics and two penicillins were compared for their in vitro activity against 60 isolates of Serratia, Pseudomonas, Proteus mirabilis, and indole-positive Proteus sp. Testing was done by the agar dilution method using Mueller-Hinton broth solidified with 1.5% agar. The activity of amikacin, aminodeoxybutirosin, and gentamicin against Proteus and Pseudomonas, as related ...

The antibacterial effect of α-terpineol from Cinnamomum longepaniculatum (Gamble) N. Chao leaf essential oils were studied with special reference to the mechanism of inhibiting the standard strain of Escherichia coli (CMCC (B) 44102) growth at ultrastructural level. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill curves of α-terpineol were deter...

BACKGROUND Canine otitis externa, an inflammation of the external ear canal, can be maintained and worsened by bacterial or fungal infections. For topical treatment, combinations of anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial ingredients are mainly used. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to elucidate the in vitro activity of polymyxin B and miconazole against clinical bacterial isolates ...

The in vitro activities of ABT 773, telithromycin (HMR 3647), azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and levofloxacin were tested against 20 strains of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolates were killed by ABT 773 were 0.015 microg/ml (range, 0.008 to 0.015 microg/ml). ABT 773 was the...