BACKGROUND Lignin is a significant barrier in the conversion of plant biomass to bioethanol. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyze key steps in the pathway of lignin monomer biosynthesis. Brown midrib mutants in Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor with impaired CAD or COMT activity have attracted considerable agronomic interest for their altered lign...

The leaf growth and cross-sectional area of durum wheat during its development may be reduced under salt stress due to vascular architecture alterations of leaves. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to compare growth rate and vascular architecture changes of two durum wheat cultivars including Shabrang and Yavaroos under 0 and 100 mM NaCl. Plants were sampled at the three-leaf stage growth. ...

Abstract. Natural populations of Carpinus orientalis Mill. Shrub lands occur mainly in high and middle altitudes of the Hyrcanian forests, N. Iran, particularly on steep rocks and forest outcrops. There are some discrepancies on the intra-specific delimitation of this important woody species. The aim of the current study was to examine the anatomical variation of stems and leaves of sixteen pop...

to increasing total energy content through (i) increasing the contribution of grain and (ii) increasing the digestMaize (Zea mays L.) silage is a high-quality forage for ruminants, ibility of the stover. Much of the variation in forage dibut there have been few significant breeding efforts specifically dedicated to improving maize forage yield or quality by breeders in the gestibility can be ac...

Abstract Background Low temperature severely depresses the uptake, translocation from root to shoot, and metabolism of nitrate ammonium in thermophilic plants such as cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ). Plant growth is inhibited accordingly. However, availability information on effects low nitrogen transport remains limited. Results Using non-invasive micro-test technology, net (NO 3 ? ) (NH 4 + flux...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect breaking dormancy and giving bokashi bark leaves on growth salak ( Salacca Sumatrana ) seedlings. This used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 3 blocks (replications). For factor is act midrib. statistical results showed that treatment action had significant effect, leaf area plant height, application fertilizer did not show heig...