Doppler analysis of flow in intracranial arteries is now possible using a 2 MHz probe allowing sufficient penetration of bone to obtain signals noninvasively. Thirty-two normal subjects, and 11 patients with cerebrovascular diseases including vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage, middle cerebral artery stenosis, and extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis were studied by transcrani...

Introduction: Nitric oxide seems to play a dual role in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Few studies have investigated whether it exacerbates or improves brain edema. In the present study, we inhibited the activity of nitric oxide synthase by L-NAME and evaluated the cerebral infarct volume, tissue swelling and brain edema, alongside the measurement of blood flow of the ischemic region. Methods...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial color-coded sonography is a new development in noninvasive cerebral vascular imaging. Reference data using this technique are described. METHODS Blood velocities and pulsatility and resistance indices were determined in the anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, posterior cerebral, vertebral, and basilar arteries in 115 volunteers after correction for the angl...

A 57-year old man presented with sudden onset hemiplegia. On examination he had global aphasia, a dense right hemiplegia and a right extensor plantar response. He had a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and a myocardial infarction one year ago. A non contrast CT scan of the brain done on the same day did not show a cerebral infarction, but showed a loss of visualisation of the insular ...

A previously healthy 15-month-old girl became pale and lethargic. CT showed subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral angiography showed a 5-mm aneurysm in the M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery (Fig. 1 A). The anterior cerebral artery was not visualized on the left carotid artery angiogram. Both anterior cerebral arteries filled from the right carotid injection. An additional vessel origina...

Although a number of reports are available on the occurrence of headache in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease, most studies have recorded the frequency but not the specific sites of the pain. We report 18 patients who underwent balloon inflation in the distal internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery stem during embolization therapy for intracerebral arteriovenous malforma...

In patients with malignant hypertension, immediate blood pressure reduction is indicated to prevent further organ damage. Because cerebral autoregulatory capacity is impaired in these patients, a pharmacologically induced decline of blood pressure reduces cerebral blood flow with the danger of cerebral hypoperfusion. We compared the reduction in transcranial Doppler-determined middle cerebral a...

The performance of transcranial Doppler in the detection of anterior cerebral artery vasospasm and vasospasm in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage was analysed. Transcranial Doppler and cerebral angiography were performed within the same 24 hours on each of 41 patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage. Sensitivity and specificity of transcranial Doppler to classify middle cerebral arter...

Background: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity is increased during hypertension and cerebral ischemia. NOS inactivation reduces stroke-induced cerebral injuries, but little is known about its role in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and cerebral edema formation during stroke in acute hypertension. Here, we investigated the role of NOS inhibition in progression of edema formation and BBB d...