نتایج جستجو برای: michel collot
تعداد نتایج: 7558 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Shannon’s noiseless coding theorem tells us how compactly we can compress messages in which all letters are drawn independently from an alphabet A and we are given the probability pa of each letter a ∈ A appearing in the message. Shannon’s theorem says that, for random messages with n letters, the expected number of bits we need to transmit is at least nH(p) = −n ∑ a∈A pa log2 pa bits, and ther...
The purpose of this study was to examine the role technological intensity in the choice of compensation policies, and the influence of such policies on market performance and turnover in high and low technological intensity firms. Using a survey of 252 Canadian firms, we show technology intensity has significant influence on compensation policies. A second survey of 128 Canadian organizations s...
If G is undirected, then we say that it has a nowhere-zero Γ flow if the graph admits a nowhere-zero Γ flow after giving an orientation to all the edges. As we saw, if one orientation works then any does, since inverses exist in abelian groups. Definition 2 Let G be an undirected graph. For integer k ≥ 2, a nowhere-zero k-flow φ is an assignment φ : E → {1, . . . , k−1} such that for some orien...
Hervé Dombret, Jean Gabert, Jean-Michel Boiron, Françoise Rigal-Huguet, Didier Blaise, Xavier Thomas, André Delannoy, Agnès Buzyn, Chrystèle Bilhou-Nabera, Jean-Michel Cayuela, Pierre Fenaux, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Nathalie Fegueux, Christiane Charrin, Claude Boucheix, Véronique Lhéritier, Hélène Espérou, Elizabeth MacIntyre, Jean-Paul Vernant, and Denis Fière, for the Groupe d’Etude et de Traitem...
This research documents an intriguing empirical phenomenon whereby states of relaxation increase the monetary valuation of products. This phenomenon is demonstrated in six experiments involving two different methods of inducing relaxation, a large number of products of different types, and various methods of assessing monetary valuation. In all six experiments participants who were put into a r...
ILIAS ANDRIKOPOULOS, AVRAAM POULIAKIS, AND IOANNIS MERTZANIS, SPACE HELLAS MERKOURIS KARALIOPOULOS, KANAGASABAPTHY NARENTHIRAN, AND BARRY EVANS, UNIVERSITY OF SURREY THIBAULT GALLET, MICHEL DURAND, AND MICHEL MAZZELLA, ALCATEL SPACE JURGEN VANDERMOT AND MICHAEL DIEUDONNÉ, AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES LAURENT ROULLET, UDCAST; ERIC BOURDIN, ERCOM; MICHAEL WOLF, DAIMLERCHRYSLER DEMONSTRATION WITH FIELD TR...
∗MINES ParisTech, Centre Automatique et Systèmes, Unité Mathématiques et Systèmes, 60 Bd St-Michel, 75272 Paris, Cedex 06, France (e-mail : [email protected]) ∗∗ IFP Energies Nouvelles, Département Contrôle, Signal et Système, 1 et 4 avenue du Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France ∗∗∗MINES ParisTech, Centre Automatique et Systèmes, Unité Mathématiques et Systèmes, 60...
Although the theory of Conceptual Structures is over 10 years old, basic notions (like canonical graphs) are far from settled and are subject to constant extensions and reformulations. However, most of these are done in an informal way, which doesn’t help in clarifying the issues involved. It is our hope that this paper will provide a first step towards the complete and rigorous account of Conc...
This chapter presents the fundamental concepts of tabu search (TS) in a tutorial fashion. Special emphasis is put on showing the relationships with classical local search methods and on the basic elements of any TS heuristic, namely the definition of the search space, the neighborhood structure, and the search memory. Other sections cover other important concepts such as search intensification ...
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