BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) contributes to endothelial dysfunction in ESRD. In the general population, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) decrease ADMA levels, but no study h...

The dominant finite-Larmour-radius (FLR) stabilization effects on interchange instability can be retained by taking into account the ion gyroviscosity or the generalized Ohm's law in an extended MHD model. However, recent simulations and theoretical calculations indicate that complete FLR stabilization of the interchange mode may not be attainable by ion gyroviscosity or the two-fluid effect al...

In this paper we show how a Lagrangian variational principle can be used to derive the Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics (SPMHD) equations for ideal Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We also consider the effect of a variable smoothing length in the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) kernels, after which we demonstrate by numerical tests that the consistent treatment of terms relating to the g...

Numerical solution for steady MHD flow of liquid metal through a square duct under the action of strong transverse magnetic field has been investigated. The walls of the duct are considered to be electrically insulated as well as isothermal. The numerical solutions for velocity and temperature distributions have been obtained by finite difference method. The solutions for different values of Ha...

The NIMROD and M3D / M3D-C codes now each have both a resistive MHD and a two-fluid (2F) capability including gyroviscosity and Hall terms. We describe: (1) a nonlinear 3D verification test in the resistive MHD regime in which the two codes are in detailed agreement , (2) new studies that illuminate the effect of two-fluid physics on spontaneous rotation in tokamaks, (3) studies of nonlinear re...

We report on the nonlinear turbulent processes associated with electromagnetic waves in plasmas. We focus on low-frequency (in comparison with the electron gyrofrequency) nonlinearly interacting electron whistlers and nonlinearly interacting Hall-magnetohydrodynamic (H-MHD) fluctuations in a magnetized plasma. Nonlinear whistler mode turbulence study in a magnetized plasma involves incompressib...

Muscle weakness and effort intolerance are common in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This study characterized morphometric, histochemical, and biochemical properties of limb muscle in MHD patients compared with controls (CTL) with similar age, gender, and ethnicity. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from 60 MHD patients, 1 day after dialysis, and from 21 CTL. Muscle fiber ...

In this paper, the effect of magnetic field on the morphology, structure and magnetic properties of electrodeposited FeCu/Cu thin films was investigated. The films were deposited on Au2PdAg/glass substrates using electrodeposition technique in potentiostatic control. The magnetic fields of 5000 and 7000 Oe were applied on deposition bath during deposition. Two series of thin films were prepared...

We derive a total set of MHD equations in SM describing evolution of a dense plasma with neutrinos. First this is done for a hot pair plasma consisting from electrons and positrons, neutrinos and an-tineutrinos of all flavors in an isotropic medium like the early unverse plasma at the lepton stage. Then we find how axial vector currents violating parity in SM contribute to MHD for a slightly po...

We have drawn together in this paper a collection of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) problems that will provide researchers who have interests in modeling MHD phenomena with a battery of tests (a \test suite") for calibrating their numerical algorithms. Use of these tests will provide a common reference for comparison of di erent numerical MHD algorithms. The test suite includes both one and two dime...