Ischemic stroke is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease that is affected by several genetic mutations and environmental factors. Various polymorphisms and mutations have been described as risk factors for stroke and they include angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype, factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), human platelet antigen type 1, facto...

Impaired utilization of folate is caused by insufficient dietary intake and/or genetic variation and has been shown to prompt changes in related pathways, including choline and methionine metabolism. These pathways have been shown to be sensitive to variation within the Mthfd1 gene, which codes for a folate-metabolizing enzyme responsible for generating 1-carbon (1-C)-substituted folate derivat...

Thymidylate synthetase from Escherichia coli has been shown to catalyze an exchange between water and the hydrogen on carbon atom 5 of deoxyuridylate at a rate which is approximately 5 to 10% of the rate of the over-all reaction. The exchange reaction exhibited an absolute requirement only for tetrahydrofolate. In the absence of formaldehyde or of Mg++, the exchange activity was reduced to abou...

C1-tetrahydrofolate (THF) synthase is a trifunctional enzyme found in eukaryotes that contains the activities 10-formyl-THF synthetase, 5,10-methenyl-THF cyclohydrolase, and 5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase. The cytoplasmic isozyme of C1-THF synthase is well characterized in a number of mammals, including humans; but a mitochondrial isozyme has been previously identified only in the yeast Sacch...

Modifiable risk factors for CHD include high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes, and stress. When a patient presents with the typical features of CHD (like ours) but do not have the modifiable risk factors, genetic causes should be considered. A limited number of genetic variants are proven to be independent risk factors for thromboembolism. ...

Aberrant DNA methylation is recognized as being a common feature of human neoplasia. CpG island hypermethylation and global genomic hypomethylation occur simultaneously in the cancer cell. However, very little is known about the interindividual inherited susceptibility to these epigenetic processes. To address this matter, we have genotyped in 233 cancer patients (with colorectal, breast, or lu...

Aberrant DNA methylation is recognized as being a common feature of human neoplasia.CpG island hypermethylation and global genomic hypomethylation occur simultaneously in the cancer cell. However, very little is known about the interindividual inherited susceptibility to these epigenetic processes. To address this matter, we have genotyped in 233 cancer patients (with colorectal, breast, or lun...