|We present a new medium access control protocol for a photonic ring network based on a combination of wavelengthand time-division multiple access. The protocol can achieve a maximum throughput in excess of 90%, though simulations of this protocol show that it has a practical limit of around 70% throughput. By comparison, the alternative proposed protocol, slotted ALOHA, has a maximum throughpu...

Machine Readable travel documents have been rapidly put in place since 2004. The initial standard was made by the ICAO and it has been quickly followed by the Extended Access Control (EAC). In this paper we discuss about the evolution of these standards and more precisely on the evolution of EAC. We intend to give a realistic survey on these standards. We discuss about their problems, such as t...

Machine Readable travel documents have been rapidly put in place since 2004. The initial standard was made by the ICAO and it has been quickly followed by the Extended Access Control (EAC). In this paper we discuss about the evolution of these standards and more precisely on the evolution of EAC. We intend to give a realistic survey on these standards. We discuss about their problems, such as t...