Employing a method, described in an earlier publication, for testing the pneumococcidal activity of serum-leucocyte mixtures, a study has been made of the pneumococcus-destroying properties of the blood of a relatively susceptible animal, the rabbit, for pneumococci of low virulence for the species. It was found that rabbit serum-leucocyte mixtures possessed the power to kill avirulent pneumoco...

In order to reduce pollution and strive for a cleaner environment, significant efforts are being made to develop alternatives to synthetic pesticides for the control of plant diseases. A promising alternative is to stimulate the natural resistance of plants. Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of the expression of plant defense mechanisms when attacked by disease causing path...

hemoglobin f (hbf, α 2 γ 2 ) is a major contributor to the clinical heterogeneity and ameliorating agent observed in patients with the β-globin disorders including β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease (scd). during fetal life, hbf is the major hemoglobin but is largely substituted by adult hemoglobin (hba, α 2 β 2 ) following a globin expression switch after birth. increased γ-globin expressio...

Pelagic prokaryote communities are often dominated by the SAR11 clade. The recent discovery of viruses infecting this clade led to the suggestion that such dominance could not be explained by assuming SAR11 to be a defense specialist and that the explanation therefore should be sought in its competitive abilities. The issue is complicated by the fact that prokaryotes may develop strains differi...

Experiments on the ultimatum game have revealed that humans are remarkably fond of fair play. When asked to share an amount of money, unfair offers are rare and their acceptance rate small. While empathy and spatiality may lead to the evolution of fairness, thus far considered continuous strategies have precluded the observation of solutions that would be driven by pattern formation. Here we in...

James J. Collins is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and a William F. Warren Distinguished Professor, University Professor, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Professor of Medicine and CoDirector of the Center for BioDynamics at Boston University. He is also a core founding faculty member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University....

Introduction This is a lecture about the vicissitudes of the doctor-patient relationship; especially how psychological and contextual factors may impact upon it. Discussions of the "Difficult Patient" and boundary issues, especially boundary violations, share the common element of being examples of the doctor-patient relationship gone awry. The discussion of these two topics will bring out issu...

Predator-prey theory predicts that in the presence of multiple types of predators using a common prey, predator facilitation may result as a consequence of contrasting prey defense mechanisms, where reducing the risk from one predator increases the risk from the other. While predator facilitation is well established in natural predator-prey systems, little attention has been paid to situations ...

the purpose of this research was identifying mechanisms for the development of human resources in khouzestan sugarcane agro industrial company, iran. this is an applied study and the research method was descriptive correlative. the population consisted of employees working in the sugarcane agro industrial company in the province of khuzestan, iran(n=315). one hundred and seventy five people wer...

background : today the psychological factor is one of the controversial subjects in tendency to cosmetic surgery. objectives : this study aimed to compare the hardiness, defense mechanisms and negative self-portrayal scale among cosmetic surgery applicants with non-applicants. patients and methods: this causal-comparative study carried out in tehran, iran from april to june 2015. the samples of...