We report measurements of the static shear modulus of electrorheological (ER) fluids consisting of water-wetted silica microspheres in silicone oil. A shear-annealing method, using creep-recovery (CR) cycles under an external electric field, is used to enhance ER properties of the fluid. The shear-annealing method enables the silica spheres in the ER fluid to form better aligned and denser colu...

Imaging of meniscal tissue reveals an extracellular matrix comprised of collagen fibrils arranged in circumferential bundles and radially aligned tie fibers, implicating structural material anisotropy. Biochemical analyses demonstrate regional disparities of proteoglycan content throughout the meniscal body, a constituent known to affect the shearing response of fibrocartilagenous tissue. Despi...

In this study, a finite element (FE) model of a below-knee prosthesis of patellar tendon-bearing (PTB) design, and several altered variations of the model have been constructed. A load of approximately 1.5 times normal body weight (984 N) was applied at the heel of the model to simulate heelstrike conditions. The "base" model was then analyzed and revised iteratively until a model which provide...

The aim of this study was to measure the shear modulus of the vocal fold in a human hemilarynx, such that the data can be related to direction of applied stress and anatomical context. Dynamic spring rate data were collected using a modified linear skin rheometer using human hemilarynges, and converted to estimated shear modulus via application of a simple shear model. The measurement probe was...

Characterization of the elastic properties of a tendon could enhance the diagnosis and treatment of tendon injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the shear elastic modulus on the patellar tendon captured from a Supersonic Shear Imaging (SSI) and the tangent traction modulus computed from a Material testing system (MTS) on 8 fresh patellar pig tendons (Experim...

We compute the shear modulus of structural glasses from a first-principles approach based on the cloned liquid theory. We find that the intrastate shear modulus, which corresponds to the plateau modulus measured in linear viscoelastic measurements, strongly depends on temperature and vanishes continuously when the temperature is increased beyond the glass temperature.

according to the iranian code of practice for seismic resistant design of buildings, soft storey phenomenon happens in a storey when the lateral stiffness of the storey is lower than 70% of the stiffness of the upper storey, or if it is lower than 80% of the average stiffness of the three upper stories. in the combined structural systems containing moment frames and shear walls, it is possible ...

We use the Surface Evolver to determine the shear modulus G of a dry 2D foam of 2500 bubbles, using both extensional and simple shear. We examine G for a range of monodisperse, bidisperse and polydisperse foams, and relate it to various measures of the structural disorder of each foam. In all cases, the shear modulus of a foam decreases with increasing disorder.

BACKGROUND Excessive stiffness of lower limb muscles is associated with sports injuries. Therefore, the identification of a reliable measurement of the shear elastic modulus of various ankle plantar flexion muscles is required to evaluate lower leg sports injuries. This study investigated the reliable measurement of the shear elastic modulus of the ankle plantar flexion muscles at different ank...

handling of endodontic sealers is greatly dependent on their elasticity and flow ability. we compared the viscoelastic properties of three root canal sealers.ah plus (dentsply, de trey, konstanz, germany), endofill (dentsply hero, petrópolis, rio de janeiro, brazil) and ah26 (dentsply, de trey, konstanz, germany) were mixed according to the manufacturers' instructions. the resulted pastes were ...