This paper presents two-stage unsupervised terrain classification of fully polarimetric SAR data using Freeman and Durden decomposition based on three simple scattering mechanisms: surface, volume and double bounce (first step), and textural features (uncorrelated uniformity, contrast, inverse moment and entropy) obtained from grey level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) (second step). Textural fea...

The automatic segmentation of brain tissues in magnetic resonance (MR) is usually performed on T1-weighted images, due to their high spatial resolution. T1w sequence, however, has some major downsides when brain lesions are present: the altered appearance of diseased tissues causes errors in tissues classification. In order to overcome these drawbacks, we employed two different MR sequences: fl...

This paper represents Fuzzy logic based Adaptive Noise filter for real time image processing applications. Initially, the detection is performed using 3x3 scan and then taking a mean of four pixels further scanning is performed. Then histogram approach is applied for improving the image quality, textures and edges. The detection stage will identify the noise pixels. In the second stage of filte...

Two-dimensional (TD) adaptive filtering is a technique that can be applied to many image, and signal processing applications. This paper extends the one-dimensional adaptive filter algorithms to TD structures and the novel TD adaptive filters are established. Based on this extension, the TD variable step-size normalized least mean squares (TD-VSS-NLMS), the TD-VSS affine projection algorithms (...

Constrained adaptive filtering algorithms inculding constrained least mean square (CLMS), constrained affine projection (CAP) and constrained recursive least squares (CRLS) have been extensively studied in many applications. Most existing constrained adaptive filtering algorithms are developed under mean square error (MSE) criterion, which is an ideal optimality criterion under Gaussian noises....

Road damage caused by asphalt cracks is a significant issue in the civil engineering industry as it poses threat to road and highway safety. Detecting classifying difficult undertaking because of intricate pavement conditions created various factors such shadows, oil stains, water spots. These can create challenges differentiating from surrounding pavement. The focus our study was put forward a...

An efficient hardware implementation of a median filter is presented. Input samples are used to construct a cumulative histogram, which is then used to find the median. The resource usage of the design is independent of window size, but rather, dependent on the number of bits in each input sample. This offers a realizable way of efficiently implementing large-windowed median filtering, as requi...

Particle filtering techniques are a set of powerful and versatile simulation-based methods to perform optimal state estimation in nonlinear non-Gaussian state-space models. If the model includes fixed parameters, a standard technique to perform parameter estimation consists of extending the state with the parameter to transform the problem into an optimal filtering problem. However, this approa...