We study joint distributions of cycles and patterns in permutations written in standard cycle form. We explore both classical and generalised patterns of length 2 and 3. Many extensions of classical theory are achieved; bivariate generating functions for inversions, ascents, descents, 123s, valleys, 1’-2-1s; closed forms for avoidance of peaks, 2-3-1s, 1-2-3s, 2’-1-2s and 1’-2-1s; bijective pro...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and distribution of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary first molar (EEM) in individuals scheduled for orthodontic treatment and to investigate the association of EEM with dental characteristics, maxillary skeletal features, crowding, and other dental anomalies. METHODS A total of 1,317 individuals were included and randomly...

The purpose of this study was to examine how the periodontal sensory inputs of working-side maxillary posterior, teeth affect nonworking-side anterior temporalis activities at the starting jaw position of the slow-closing phase in mastication. Six subjects with normal occlusion were asked to bite an incisal block to maintain the initial jaw position of the slow-closing phase and to generate jaw...

thorough understanding of the anatomic and internal morphology of a root canal system is absolutely essential for the success of endodontic treatment. since permanent maxillary first molars have shown variation in internal anatomy, morphology, this tooth has been reviewed extensively. presence of two canals in a two-rooted maxillary first molar has rarely been reported in studies describing too...

This report describes a novel concept of relocating orthodontic mini-implants during dental distalization to provide unrestricted distal movement of the full maxillary dentition. The patient was an 18-year old Korean woman with a full-step Class II Division 1 malocclusion and mandibular deficiency. Mini-implants were initially placed bilaterally between the maxillary second premolar and the fir...

OBJECTIVE Attempts to treat class II malocclusions without extraction in non-compliant patients have led to utilization of intraoral molar distalizing appliances. The purpose of this study was to investigate dental and skeletal effects of Bonded Molar Distalizer (BMD) which is a simple molar distalizing appliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen patients (12 girls, four boys) with bilateral hal...

Congenitally missing teeth are the most commonly seen dental anomalies. Agenesis of the permanent first molar has the least frequency of all the tooth types, and it usually occurs in association with oligodontia or anodontia. Thus, agenesis of the bilateral maxillary first permanent molar is an extremely rare occurrence, and no such case has been reported in ethnic Saudi Arabian population. We ...

Some oxadiazole derivatives were tested in vitro against Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliforme and Stachybotrys chartarum. All compounds showed the highest antifungal activity against S. chartarum. Among these compounds (3a-j), compounds 3a, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3i, 3j exhibited the same level of antifungal activity against all tested mold ...

The formation of mammalian dentition is one of the most remarkable processes in development and provides a powerful model for studying the epithelialmesenchymal interactions that control patterning and morphogenesis of variety of developmental processes. The tooth development involves a complex series of genetic interactions involving growth factors, transcription factors, signal receptors and ...