Transovarial antibody transfer in owls has not been demonstrated for West Nile virus (WNV). We sampled chicks from captive adult WNV-antibody-positive Eastern Screech-Owls (Megascops asio) to evaluate the prevalence of transovarial maternal antibody transfer, as well as titers and duration of maternal antibodies. Twenty-four owlets aged 1 to 27 days old circulated detectable antibodies with neu...

Alum-adsorbed BBG2Na, a recombinant vaccine derived in part from the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroup A G protein, induced moderate antibody titers after 1 immunization in 1-week-old mice but conferred complete lung protection upon RSV challenge. The anti-BBG2Na IgG1-IgG2a neonatal isotype profile was suggestive of dominant Th2 responses compared with those in adults. Formulation of B...

The antibodies responsible for haemolysis can be naturally occuring (eg, anti-A or anti-B antibodies) or can develop as a result of a sensitising event such as pregnancy or transfusion. The most well recognised is rhesus alloimmunisation (Greek: allo = 'other' or 'different from') which begins with red blood cells from a rhesus-positive fetus crossing the placental barrier during pregnancy and ...

Maternal antibodies protect chicks from infection with pathogens early in life and may impact pathogen dynamics due to the alteration of the proportion of susceptible individuals in a population. We investigated the transfer of maternal antibodies against avian influenza virus (AIV) in a key AIV host species, the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Combining observations in both the field and in mall...

Dengue cases have increased in younger age groups in Brazil. Maternal anti-dengue antibodies can have a protective effect in the first months of life, but their decline can increase the risk of severe dengue. A prospective birth cohort was established in 2011-2012 in the city of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil, to determine the incidence of serotype-specific dengue infection and the kinetics o...

Maternal antibodies may protect the fetus and neonate against severe forms of CMV-caused disease, therefore this study investigated the efficiency of the placental transfer of naturally acquired, maternal total anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG and neutralizing antibodies at different gestational ages. The study was conducted on 182 healthy CMV-seropositive Brazilian mothers and their 196 infants ...

HIV-1 variants transmitted to infants are often resistant to maternal neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), suggesting that they have escaped maternal NAb pressure. To define the molecular basis of NAb escape that contributes to selection of transmitted variants, we analyzed 5 viruses from 2 mother-to-child transmission pairs, in which the infant virus, but not the maternal virus, was resistant to ne...