1. Throughout much of the twentieth century, in both the prewar and postwar eras, the perfect family in Japan was hegemonically posited on the presence of a woman who—either as wife or mother—was required to suppress or erase her desire. For the male, on the contrary, taking a 'concubine'—or entering into a similar relationship with a woman who was not his legal wife—was de rigueur in that it a...

This paper explores the empirical validity of the masculine overcompensation thesis, which asserts that men react to masculine insecurity with extreme demonstrations of masculinity. Overcompensation, an often-cited popular account for exaggerated masculine-typed behaviors, is supported by theoretical work in the masculinities and identity theory literatures. I tested the masculine overcompensat...

This paper provides the first empirical test of the Portia Hypothesis: females with masculine monikers are more successful in legal careers. Utilizing South Carolina microdata, we look for correlation between an individual’s advancement to a judgeship and his/her name’s masculinity, which we construct from the joint empirical distribution of names and gender in the state’s entire population of ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between gender role orientation and the prevalence of chronic pain. METHOD The individual gender role orientation in a sample of 45 chronic pain patients (ICD 10 diagnosis, F 45.4) was compared to gender role orientation in a matched, pain-free control group. Gender role orientation was assessed by questionnaires on the self-at...