Open Building Information Modelling (OpenBIM) is a collaborative project management process. Its application to road infrastructures currently limited. OpenBIM standards for infrastructure are still under development. One of these the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), which data architecture modelling projects. The current and upcoming releases IFCRoad focus on structuring design construction ...

Modern scholarship on the medieval Sahara has focused a handful of famous entrepôt sites that have their origins in 8th century or later, and as result we still understand very poorly nature extent Saharan oasis settlement agriculture golden age trade. This article presents first securely dated chronology for development north-west based three seasons archaeological survey comprehensive radioca...

Background: The dreadful consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic put an unprecedented pressure on health-care services in Morocco. Lung cancer (LC) patients represent a vulnerable population highly affected by pandemic. Studies lung diagnosis during epidemic are lacking. We analyzed impact region Marrakech-Safi where incidence continues to rise. Materials and Methods: compared clinical features n...

This article attempts to define, beyond the normative aspects, what heritage education exemplifies today. It seeks understand how and cultural mediation can contribute affirmation of identity individualization among young people and, by analogy, reduce inequalities access practices, otherwise called democracy, in which school plays a pivotal role. is, therefore, necessary discuss interest this ...

Understanding mountain climates poses many challenges, because difficult terrain leads to a sparsity of weather stations and therefore poor data availability, meaning the detailed information required understand these complex systems is lacking. Here, we analyze eleven years half-hourly climate observations from Joint International Laboratory LMI-TREMA (Télédétection et Ressources en Eau Médite...

Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive timing budburst bloom fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years 331 cultivars worldwide collection Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partial Least Squares approach long-term phenology (29 years) ‘Picholine Marocai...

The aim objective of this present study is to identify the most influencing constant parameters of Two Source Energy Balance (TSEB) Model over irrigated olive orchard in semi-arid area. TSEB (Norman et al. 1995) has been based on surface radiometric temperature, Priestley-Taylor estimation of canopy latent heat, climatic forcing and partitioning energy to double sources (canopy and soil) accord...