In striated muscles, intracellular Ca(2+) release is tightly controlled by the membrane voltage sensor. Ca(2+) ions are necessary mediators of this control in cardiac but not in skeletal muscle, where their role is ill-understood. An intrinsic gating oscillation of Ca(2+) release-not involving the voltage sensor-is demonstrated in frog skeletal muscle fibers under voltage clamp. A Markov model ...

introduction land use and land cover change (lucc) is a complex issue resulted from biophysical, socio-economic, cultural, organizational and technological factors in different spatial and temporal scales. lucc considered as an important threat to biodiversity as causing the fragmentation, natural vegetation destruction and natural areas isolation the regions which managed by environmental prot...

In this note we show that over a strong (semi-)intuitionistic base theory, the recursive comprehension principle ∆1-CA does not imply the disjunctive Markov principle MP ∨.

The northern part of the Southern rivers, which is subject this study, lies between 18° 54' and 14° 48' north latitude 11° 30' 12° west longitude. It characterized by a dense hydrographic network dominated maritime marshes expanses salty lands mangrove mudflats that have developed on vast coastal plain. objective study to analyze spatio-temporal changes geomorphologi...

A new wireless medium access control scheme is proposed for implementing collaborative codes on the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol. To simplify the analysis, a new backoff algorithm is suggested that is simple to implement and to model. Markov chain analysis is used for modelling the proposed CC-CSMA/CA protocol. The resulting model describes the regul...

Since the spatial pattern of forest pest occurrence is determined by biological characteristics and habitat conditions, this paper introduced construction of a cellular automaton model combined with Markov model to predicate the forest pest occurrence. Rules of the model includes the cell states rules, neighborhood rules and transition rules which are defined according to the factors from stand...