Steers (n = 15,631) and heifers (n = 5,897) fed at 18 feedlots (total confinement, partial confinement, or open lots) in southwest Iowa between 2002 and 2006 as part of the Tri-County Steer Carcass Futurity sponsored by Iowa State University were used to correlate various phenotypic traits with feedlot performance and carcass traits. Dependent variables [ADG, respiratory morbidity, HCW, fat thi...

Six Angus bulls with HIGH ( > .4) and six bulls with LOW ( < -.16) expected progeny differences (EPD) for marbling were used to evaluate the impact of marbling on progeny production and carcass traits. Bulls were randomly bred to MARC II (1/4 Hereford, 1/4 Simmental, 1/4 Angus, 1/4 Gelbvieh) composite cows in each of 2 yr to calve in the spring. At weaning, steers and heifers were separated and...

Marbling is the art of creating stone-like or intricate abstract decorations from liquid inks floating on water or gel. Although the fluid dynamics of marbling processes can be simulated, we introduce a mathematical approach with closed-form expressions. Our approach improves control, ease of implementation, parallelism, and speed, which enables real-time visual feedback as well as the creation...

The experiment involved 68 heifers obtained from Polish Black-and-White Lowland dams (with no more than 50 % Holstein Friesian blood) sired by Limousin bulls. The study was arranged to determine the slaughter and carcass traits, chemical composition and physical properties of musculus longissimus lumborum (MLL) as related to the level of marbling, and to examine the correlation between some of ...

(Co)variance component estimates were computed for retail cuts per day of age (kilograms per day), cutability (percentage of carcass weight), and marbling score (1 through 11) using a multiple-trait sire model. Restricted maximum likelihood estimates of (co)variance components were obtained via an expectation-maximization algorithm. Carcass data consisted of 8,265 progeny records collected by U...

Extreme marbling or intramuscular deposition of lipid is associated with Wagyu breeds and is therefore assumed to be largely inherited. However, even within 100% full blood Wagyu prepared under standard conditions, there is unpredictable scatter of the degree of marbling. Here, we evaluate melting temperature (Tm ) of intramuscular fat as an alternative to visual scores of marbling. We show tha...

In this paper we propose that regulation of the glucose/ insulin axis by diet will result in increased fattening at the marbling (intramuscular) depot. The pattern of fat accretion in the whole carcass is first described to emphasise that the marbling depot is relatively late maturing. The pathways of fat metabolism are then discussed with the aim of examining the possibility of regulating fat ...

Thiazolidinediones (TZD) are insulin sensitizing agents currently used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and are widely used as adipogenic agents because they are ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a key adipogenic transcription factor. In vivo and in vitro studies of TZD as potential modifiers of intramuscular or marbling adipogenesis are reviewed. Thia...

Calf-fed crossbred steers (n = 94) were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments (0%, 15%, or 30% wet distillers grains plus solubles, WDGS; DM basis) and fed for 167 d to determine the effects on quality attributes of beef. At 48 h postmortem, marbling score, marbling texture, and marbling distribution were assessed by a USDA grader. After grading, one rib eye slice (longissimus thoracis) »7...

Abstract Meat quality is considered a complex concept depending on many characteristics that could be intrinsic or extrinsic. At the same time, and extrinsic cues affect consumers’ purchasing decisions. The importance of each cue was analysed discussed in previous literature. Thus, colour level marbling fresh meat were defined as key at point purchase. These are mostly related to pork beef. aim...