In order to implement abstractions like threads or address spaces, operating system kernels need to maintain the corresponding metadata. This metadata is usually stored in kernel memory, i.e. in a region of physical memory that is reserved for kernel use. As the amount of available kernel memory is limited, its allocation must be controlled carefully; otherwise, applications can run a denial-of...

XML tagging offers the possibility of embedding semantic information in legislative documents, namely, information about the normative content of the legal text [1, 4, 7, 24, 41, 44, 49]. The embedded semantic information can have different levels of depth and can have different articulated structure [3, 7]. At a first level, it only consists of keywords that are added to the text to facilitate...

AIM To examine the current physician supply in western countries, Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), and the Newly Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union. To assess the current management of physician resources in these regions and the potential for their future management. METHODS Description and analysis of current physician to population ratios, graduating physician to populati...