Eighty attempts at placing suction catheters in the left main bronchus were analysed by studying chest radiographs. When angled catheters were used via a tracheostomy tube the success rate was 75%; the rate fell to 15% when straight tubes were used through an orotracheal tube. Assessment and control of the tube length was found to be important to avoid kinking and subsequent obstruction of the ...

We present an interesting case of a complete vanishing of the left main bronchus in a lung transplant recipient who had a successful outcome due to acute respiratory support with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in order to perform airway dilation.

BACKGROUND The loss of a normal airway is devastating. Attempts to replace large airways have met with serious problems. Prerequisites for a tissue-engineered replacement are a suitable matrix, cells, ideal mechanical properties, and the absence of antigenicity. We aimed to bioengineer tubular tracheal matrices, using a tissue-engineering protocol, and to assess the application of this technolo...

The term "fallen lung sign" refers to the collapsed lung in a dependent position, hanging on the hilum only by its vascular attachments. This is usually the result of the complete rupture of a bronchus. On chest radiograph, the diagnosis of bronchial tear is usually suspected with the persistence of a pneumothorax after chest tube insertion. An 8-year-old male patient had radiographic findings ...

In children, it has been shown that the angles of the tracheobronchial bifurcation total approximately 80 degrees; the overall mean of the right bronchial angle is about 30o, while the left bronchial angle is about 50o. This tracheobronchial relationship may explain why the tracheal tube is more likely to enter the more vertical and wider right main stem bronchus than the more obliquely placed ...

We give an update on the worldwide spoligotype database, which now contains 3,319 spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 47 countries, with 259 shared types, i.e., identical spoligotypes shared by two or more patient isolates. The 259 shared types contained a total of 2,779 (84%) of all the isolates. Seven major genetic groups represented 37% of all clustered isolates. Two types ...

The main objective of the present study was to explore the barriers to the development of agricultural businesses in the incubator of Razi University, Iran. The research was an applied study in terms of objective and an exploratory mixed method in terms of data collection methodology. The statistical population was composed of agricultural businesses and their personnel in the incubator of Razi...