Magnetars are a kind of pulsars powered mainly by superhigh magnetic fields. They popular sources with many unsolved issues in themselves, but also linked to various high energy phenomena, such as QPOs, giant flares, fast radio bursts and super-luminous supernovae. In this work, we first review our recent works on the dissipation toroidal fields magnetars rotationally pulsars, then spin-down ev...

The X-ray afterglow that is observed following large flares on magnetars can be accurately fit by simple and quantitative theoretical models: The long term afterglow, lasting of order weeks, can be understood as thermal radiation of a heated neutron star crust that is re-scattered in the magnetosphere. Short term afterglow is well fit by the cooling of a non-degenerate, pair-rich layer, which g...

We study the wave propagation modes in the relativistic streaming pair plasma of the magnetospheres of pulsars and magnetars, focusing on the effect of vacuum polarization. We show that the combined plasma and vacuum polarization effects give rise to a vacuum resonance, where “avoided mode crossing” occurs between the extraordinary mode and the (superluminous) ordinary mode. When a photon propa...

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond pulses originating from powerful enigmatic sources at extragalactic distances. Neutron stars with large magnetic fields (magnetars) have been considered as the powering FRBs, but connection requires further substantiation. Here we report detection by AGILE satellite on 28 April 2020 of an X-ray burst in temporal coincidence a bright FRB-like Galactic mag...

Neutron stars with very strong surface magnetic fields have been suggested as the site for the origin of observed soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In this paper we investigate the influence of such strong magnetic fields on the properties and internal structure of these strongly magnetized neutron stars (magnetars). We study properties of a degenerate equilibrium ideal neutron-proton-electron (npe)...

Recently, neutron stars with very strong surface magnetic fields have been suggested as the site for the origin of observed soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In this paper we investigate the influence of such strong magnetic fields on the properties and internal structure of these magnetized neutron stars (magnetars). We study properties of a degenerate equilibrium ideal neutron-proton-electron (npe...

Thermal surface emissions have now been detected from more than a dozen isolated neutron stars, including radio pulsars, radioquiet neutron stars and magnetars. These detections can potentially provide important information on the interior physics, magnetic fields, and surface composition of neutron stars. Understanding the properties of matter and radiative transfer in strong magnetic fields i...

This paper discusses several aspects of current research on high energy emission from supernova remnants, covering the following main topics: 1) The recent evidence for magnetic field amplification near supernova remnant shocks, which makes that cosmic rays are more efficiently accelerated than previously thought. 2) The evidence that ions and electrons in some remnants have very different temp...