CONTENTS PERSPECTIVES AND OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 28 Nomenclature ........................................................................................................... 30 THEORETICAL CONCEPTS ............................................................................................... 31 The Effect of Macromolecul...

0

Several decades of research have shown that macromolecular damage increases with age and that damage to protein, DNA, lipids, and other macromolecular components appears to be important factors in specific age-related diseases. The strongest evidence that macromolecular damage is a causative factor in aging comes from studies using manipulations that increase life span. However, it is currently...

Cyclic nucleotide-dependent vasorelaxation is associated with increases in the phosphorylation of a small heat shock-related protein, HSP20. We hypothesized that phosphorylation of HSP20 in vascular smooth muscles is associated with alterations in the macromolecular associations of HSP20. Treatment of bovine carotid artery smooth muscles with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methyl...

Prion diseases and prion-like protein misfolding diseases are related to the accumulation of abnormal aggregates of the normal host proteins including prion proteins and Tau protein. These proteins possess self-templating and transmissible characteristics. The crowded physiological environments where the aggregation of these amyloidogenic proteins takes place can be imitated in vitro by the add...

© 2006 American Institute of Physics, S-0031-9228-0603-030-4 M molecular biophysics is built on the twin pillars of genetic engineering and macromolecular structure determination. And x-ray crystallography is foremost among the methods used to determine the atomic-scale structure of macromolecules—very large molecules with sizes typically ranging from 50 to 1000 Å. X-ray crystallography played ...

Some proteins have been shown to mimic the overall shape and structure of nucleic acids. For some of the proteins involved in translating the genetic information into proteins on the ribosome particle, there are indications that such observations of macromolecular mimicry even extend to similarity in interaction with and function on the ribosome. A small number of structural results obtained ou...

The possibility of a low dose threshold for rat liver macromolecular binding of aflatoxin B1 was investigated. Doses in ng/kg of radiolabeled aflatoxin B1 produced measurable covalent binding of aflatoxin to DNA, RNA, and protein, and the extent of this binding increased linearly over a dose range of 10 to 1000 ng/kg. Macromolecular adduct formation was observed at the lowest dose used (10 ng/k...

The expression of most life history traits, such as immunity, growth and the development of sexual signals, is negatively affected by high levels of oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants can reduce oxidative stress and have therefore been the focus of numerous studies in behavioural and evolutionary ecology in the last few decades. Most of this research has focused on carotenoids, neglecting a...