Clustered, Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) abound in the genomes of almost all archaebacteria and nearly half the eubacteria sequenced. Through a genetic interference mechanism, bacteria with CRISPR regions carrying copies of the DNA of previously encountered phage and plasmids abort the replication of phage and plasmids with these sequences. Thus it would seem that pro...

The inability to effectively treat biofilm-related infections is a major clinical challenge. This has been attributed to the heightened antibiotic tolerance conferred to bacterial cells embedded within biofilms. Lytic bacteriophages (phages) have evolved to effectively infect and eradicate biofilm-associated cells. The current study was designed to investigate the ability of phage treatment to ...

results the bacteriophage, designated mj1, was isolated by testing against a clinical mdr e. coli 3 strain. the mj1 phage showed a wide range of heat and ph stability. the phage morphology, determined by transmission electron microscopy, revealed a structure comprised of a head (108 ± 0.2 nm long by 128 ± 0.5 nm wide) and a contractile tail (123 ± 0.5 nm long by 15 - 26 nm wide). these features...

Two lytic phages, vB_SenM-PA13076 (PA13076) and vB_SenM-PC2184 (PC2184), were isolated from chicken sewage and characterized with host strains Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) ATCC13076 and CVCC2184, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that they belonged to the family Myoviridae. The lytic abilities of these two phages in liquid culture showed 104 multiplicity of infection (MOI) ...

Abstract Background Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have emerged as a serious problem; bacteriophages have, therefore, been proposed therapeutic alternative to antibiotics. Several authorities, such pharmacopeia, FDA, confirmed their safety, and some are commercially available worldwide. The demand for is expected increase exponentially in the future; hence, there an urgent need mass-produce econ...

UNLABELLED The human intestine harbors diverse communities of bacteria and bacteriophages. Given the specificity of phages for their bacterial hosts, there is growing interest in using phage therapies to combat the rising incidence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. A significant barrier to such therapies is the rapid development of phage-resistant bacteria, highlighting the need to u...

Acinetobacter baumannii is responsible for most nosocomial infections in hospitals. It can form biofilms and has a high degree of antibiotic resistance. Colistin one the last therapeutic options treatment MDR infections. Recently, strains this pathogen resistance to colistin were reported increasingly. Therefore, alternative antibacterial methods, such as phage therapy, are being researched. Th...

Abstract Background Bacterial pathogen ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) could form biofilm that conveys multi-drug resistance. Bacteriophage as an alternative to antibacterial resistance is useful against complications. This study evaluated and removal activities of lytic phage, specific multi-drug-resistant clinical P. aeruginosa. Results The phage showed a wide range pH (5–10) heat (7–44 °C) stabil...

Lysis of bacteriophage-infected cells is often accompanied by the release of excess phage-induced lytic enzyme into the medium. Presumably, this enzyme facilitates lysis from within at the termination of the latent period, although details of the mechanism are lacking. The release of this enzyme by the first cells to lyse can cause premature lysis of the remaining cells, thus resulting in a red...

The practice of phage therapy, which uses bacterial viruses (phages) to treat bacterial infections, has been around for almost a century. The universal decline in the effectiveness of antibiotics has generated renewed interest in revisiting this practice. Conventionally, phage therapy relies on the use of naturally-occurring phages to infect and lyse bacteria at the site of infection. Biotechno...